02682nas a2200217 4500008004100000022001400041245012600055210006900181260001200250520197600262653001902238653001202257653001402269653002802283653001302311100002602324700002402350700001402374700002502388856005102413 2019 eng d a1618-107700aSystematics and evolution of the parasitoid wasp genera of the tribe Holcobraconini (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae)0 aSystematics and evolution of the parasitoid wasp genera of the t c06/20193 a

The tribe Holcobraconini (Braconidae: Doryctinae) is a group of parasitoid wasps mainly found in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. It contains seven genera (Holcobracon Cameron, Ivondrovia Shenefelt & Marsh, Liodoryctes Szépligeti, Monarea Szépligeti, Nervellius Roman, Odontobracon Cameron and Zombrus Marshall), most of which are characterized by having the m-cu vein of the hind wing long and strongly curved towards the apex of wing. Some studies, however, found that three doryctine genera that lack the above feature (Binarea Brullé, Liobracon Szépligeti and Odontodoryctes Granger) might be closely related to holcobraconines. Here, we reconstructed the phylogenetic relationships among species of six holcobraconine genera and the three putative closely related genera using four gene markers and estimated the times of origin and diversification within the tribe. The holcobraconine genera were intermingled in a clade with the above three genera. Liobracon and Zombrus were not recovered as monophyletic. Acanthodoryctes Turner, Antidoryctes Belokobylskij & Quicke and Priosphys Enderlein were also included within the Holcobraconini based on morphology. Based on molecular evidence and on morphological examination of the genera involved, Holcobraconini is proposed to comprise 13 genera for which we include morphological diagnoses. The origin of the tribe probably occurred during the late Palaeocene to mid Eocene, 44.43 to 58.15 Mya. At least two main dispersal events from the Ethiopian to the other biogeographic regions could have led to the current geographic distribution of the Holcobraconini associated with the global increase of temperature during the Late Palaeocene to Middle Eocene.

10aIchneumonoidea10aInsecta10aphylogeny10aRelaxed molecular clock10ataxonomy1 aCastañeda-Osorio, R.1 aBelokobylskij, S.A.1 aBraet, Y.1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A. uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/192900485nas a2200133 4500008004100000245011900041210006900160300001000229490000600239100002400245700001400269700001700283856005100300 2004 eng d00aSystematics, distribution and diversity of the Australasian doryctine wasps (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Doryctinae).0 aSystematics distribution and diversity of the Australasian doryc a1-1500 v81 aBelokobylskij, S.A.1 aIqbal, M.1 aAustin, A.D. uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/102102729nas a2200217 4500008004100000245013100041210006900172300001200241490000800253520202000261653002002281653002202301653002202323653001102345653002002356653001602376100002402392700002502416700001902441856005102460 2004 eng d00aPhylogeny of the genera of the parasitic wasps subfamily Doryctinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) based on morphological evidence.0 aPhylogeny of the genera of the parasitic wasps subfamily Dorycti a369-4040 v1423 a

The evolutionary relationships among most (143 genera) of the currently recognized genera of the braconid wasp subfamily Doryctinae were investigated using maximum parsimony analysis, employing 100 characters from external morphology and four additional, less well-studied character systems (male genitalia, ovipositor structure, venom apparatus and larval cephalic structure). We investigated the ‘performance’ of characters from external morphology and the other character systems and the effects of abundant missing entries by comparing the data decisiveness, retention and consistency indices of four different character partitions. The results indicate that the performances of the different partitions are not related to the proportions of missing entries, but instead are negatively correlated to their proportion of informative characters, suggesting that the morphological information in this group is subject to high levels of homoplasy. The external morphological partition is significantly incongruent with respect to a data set comprising the other character systems based on the ILD test. Analyses supported neither the monophyly of the large tribes Doryctini and Hecabolini, nor the monophyly of the Spathiini and Heterospilini. Relationships obtained from successive approximation weighting analysis for the complete data differ considerably from the currently accepted tribal and subtribal classifications. The only exceptions were the Ypsistocerini and the Ecphylini, whose recognized members were recovered in single clades. A close relationship between the Binaerini and Holcobraconini, and also Monarea, is consistently supported by venom apparatus and ovipositor structure characters but is not indicated by external morphological data. Low bootstrap values obtained for most of the recovered clades in all analyses do not allow us to propose a meaningful reclassification for the group at this time. A complete list of the recognized genera and their synonymies is given.

10aclassification10aconsistency index10adata decisiveness10ainsect10aretention index10asystematics1 aBelokobylskij, S.A.1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A.1 aQuicke, D.L.J. uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/102501508nas a2200145 4500008004100000022001400041245009500055210006900150300001200219490000600231520103400237100002401271700001901295856004801314 2000 eng d a1070-942800aSeven new genera of the subfamily Doryctinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from the old world.0 aSeven new genera of the subfamily Doryctinae Hymenoptera Braconi a111-1410 v93 a

Seven new genera of the subfamily Doryctinae from the tropical and subtropical regions of the Old World are described and illustrated: Cryptodoryctes gen. nov. (type species Cr. hirneri sp. nov. from South Africa), Chelonodoryctes gen. nov. (type species Ch. inopinatus sp. nov. from Brunei), Synspilus gen. nov. (type species S. nitidus sp. nov. from Sarawak), Bracodoryctes gen. nov. (type species B. tergalis sp. nov. from New Guinea), Afrospathius gen. nov. (type species Af. dispar sp. nov. from Africa), Hemispathius gen. nov. (type species H. polystenoides sp. nov. from Uganda), and Antidoryctes gen. nov. (type species An. pronotalis sp. nov. from Australia). Three further species of Bracodoryctes gen. nov. are also described: B. longitarsus sp. nov., B. curvinervis sp. nov., B. nigriceps sp. nov. The affinities of the new genera are discussed.

1 aBelokobylskij, S.A.1 aQuicke, D.L.J. uhttp://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2858352