Heterospilus
A huge genus with several hundred species described and many more undescribed mainly in tropical region [1].
The synonyms currently recognized are:
Bracon (Synodus) Ratzeburg, 1884 (preoccupied by Bracon Gronovius, 1763 and Bracon Latreille, 1828)
Caenophanes Foerster, 1862 (new name for Synodus Ratzeburg. Synonymized by Asmead in 1900b)
Telebolus Marshall, 1888 (synonymized by Muesebeck & Walkley in 1951)
Kareba Cameron, 1904 (synonymized by Marsh, 1973)
Anacatostigma Enderlein, 1920(1918) (synonymized by Marsh, 1973)
Harpagolacus Enderlein, 1920(1918) (synonymized by Belokobylskij, 1992)
References
- , “Taxapad 2012, Ichneumonoidea 2011. Database on flash-drive.”. www.taxapad.com, Ottawa, Canada., 2012.
Parasitoids of wood-boring beetle larvae, particularly Scolytidae (rarely Bruchidae, Curculionidae, stem-boring sawflies or moths). Several species have been reared from nests of Microstigmus (Sphecidae) in Costa Rica [1].
References
- , “The Doryctinae (Braconidae) of Costa Rica: genera and species of the tribe Heterospilini”, ZooKeys, vol. 347, pp. 1-474, 2013.
Small to median size, 2.0-5.0 mm; head usually cubical, malar space varying from 1/6 to 1/3 eye height; occipital carina meeting hypostomal carina; mesoscutum usually declivous anteriorly; propodeum usually with distinct basal median areas and areola; first metasomal tergum varying from wider at apex than length to length twice apical width, basal sternal plate of first tergum 1/4 length of tergum; ovipositor varying from barely visible to longer than body; fore tibia with single row of stout short spines along anterior edge; hind coxa with small but distinct basal tubercle or tooth; fore wing vein r-m present, vein 2RS usually absent, sometimes represented by infuscate line (nebulous vein) but not a distinct tubular vein, first subdiscal cell open at apex; hind wing vein M+CU varying from shorter to longer than vein 1M; hind wing of male always with a stigma [1].
References
- , “The Doryctinae (Braconidae) of Costa Rica: genera and species of the tribe Heterospilini”, ZooKeys, vol. 347, pp. 1-474, 2013.
The genus Heterospilus differs from Synspilus by the scape without apical lobe and without constriction at base, the lack of prepectal carina, and the hind coxa with basoventral tooth.
Afrotropical, Australasian, Nearctic, Palaearctic, Oceanic, Oriental.