02594nas a2200145   4500008004100000245014200041210006900183300001200252490000700264520206600271100002202337700002002359700001802379856005102397       2011                        eng d00aMolecular phylogenetics of Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea), based on multiple nuclear genes, and implications for classification0 aMolecular phylogenetics of Braconidae Hymenoptera Ichneumonoidea  a549-5720 v363 a<p>This study examined subfamilial relationships within Braconidae, using&nbsp;4 kb of sequence data for 139 taxa. Genetic sampling included previously used&nbsp;markers for phylogenetic studies of Braconidae (28S and 18S rDNA) as well as new&nbsp;nuclear protein-coding genes (CAD and ACC). Maximum likelihood and Bayesian&nbsp;inference of the concatenated dataset recovered a robust phylogeny, particularly for&nbsp;early divergences within the family. This study focused primarily on non-cyclostome&nbsp;subfamilies, but the monophyly of the cyclostome complex was strongly supported.&nbsp;There was evidence supporting an independent clade, termed the aphidioid complex,&nbsp;as sister to the cyclostome complex of subfamilies. Maxfischeria was removed from&nbsp;Helconinae and placed within its own subfamily within the aphidioid complex.&nbsp;Most relationships within the cyclostome complex were poorly supported, probably&nbsp;because of lower taxonomic sampling within this group. Similar to other studies,&nbsp;there was strong support for the alysioid subcomplex containing Gnamptodontinae,&nbsp;Alysiinae, Opiinae and Exothecinae. Cenocoeliinae was recovered as sister to all&nbsp;other subfamilies within the euphoroid complex. Planitorus and Mannokeraia,&nbsp;previously placed in Betylobraconinae and Masoninae, respectively, were moved to&nbsp;the Euphorinae, and may share a close affiliation with Neoneurinae. Neoneurinae and&nbsp;Ecnomiinae were placed as tribes within Euphorinae. A sister relationship between&nbsp;the microgastroid and sigalphoid complexes was also recovered. The helconoid&nbsp;complex included a well-supported lineage that is parasitic on lepidopteran larvae&nbsp;(macrocentroid subcomplex). Helconini was raised to subfamily status, and was&nbsp;recovered as sister to the macrocentroid subcomplex. Blacinae was demoted to tribal&nbsp;status and placed within the newly circumscribed subfamily Brachistinae, which also&nbsp;contains the tribes Diospilini, Brulleiini and Brachistini, all formerly in Helconinae.</p>
1 aSharanowski, B.J.1 aDowling, A.P.G.1 aSharkey, M.J.  uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/176000516nas a2200133   4500008004100000245014300041210006900184300001200253490000700265100002200272700002000294700001800314856005000332       2011                        eng d00aMolecular phylogenetics of Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea), based on multiple nuclear genes, and implications for classification.0 aMolecular phylogenetics of Braconidae Hymenoptera Ichneumonoidea  a549-5720 v361 aSharanowski, B.J.1 aDowling, A.P.G.1 aSharkey, M.J.  uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/57600580nas a2200169   4500008004100000245012000041210006900161300001200230490000700242100001500249700002000264700002200284700001700306700001900323700001800342856005000360       2007                        eng d00aPhylogenetic relationships among the Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea): A reassessment of Shi et al. (2005).0 aPhylogenetic relationships among the Braconidae Hymenoptera Ichn  a338-3430 v431 aPitz, K.M.1 aDowling, A.P.G.1 aSharanowski, B.J.1 aBoring, C.A.1 aSeltmann, K.C.1 aSharkey, M.J.  uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/445