03153nas a2200217 4500008004100000245014600041210006900187260001500256300001200271490000700283520243500290653001502725653001302740653001102753653003102764653002402795100001802819700002502837700002202862856005102884 2020 eng d00aMolecular phylogenetics disentangles the limits of a group of related Neotropical doryctine parasitoid wasp genera (Hymenoptera : Braconidae)0 aMolecular phylogenetics disentangles the limits of a group of re c08/09/2020 a769-7970 v343 a

The Doryctinae is one of the most specious subfamilies of the mainly parasitoid wasp family Braconidae. Members of this subfamily are characterised by having a very heterogeneous external morphology, which has made establishing the limits of several of its genera extremely difficult. The Neotropical Callihormius Ashmead, Platydoryctes Barbalho & Penteado-Dias, and Aphelopsia Marsh are prime examples of this, since they show extensive interspecific morphological variation but lack consistent diagnostic features among them. We carried out a comprehensive phylogenetic study among several representative species belonging to the above genera as well as other morphologically similar doryctine taxa based on three nuclear and two mitochondrial (mt)DNA sequence markers. Based on the relationships recovered, we assessed the generic limits among the examined taxa and investigated the times of origin and diversification in this group. Our best estimate of phylogeny did not recover Callihormius as monophyletic, and thus we propose a taxonomic arrangement where we elevate the status of Ca. (Dmitriohormius) Belokobylskij, Zaldívar-Riverón & Coronado-Blanco to genus level, stat. nov., and also describe four new genera: Macrometasoma, gen. nov., Caputlenis, gen. nov., Platyhormius, gen. nov. and Caputrugosus, gen. nov. Platydoryctes is delimited morphologically, and the body flatness is proposed to have independently evolved more than once within the group of genera examined. Aphelopsia was not recovered as monophyletic, though the relationships involved were weakly supported and therefore we maintain its species composition. Panama Marsh, stat. rev., which was considered a junior synonym of Leluthia Cameron, is resurrected. Basal relationships in the phylogeny had very short branch lengths, which could be due to ancient rapid radiation events that occurred during the early evolution of the group. The estimated times of divergence showed that the clade containing Callihormius and its related genera originated between the late Oligocene and middle Miocene, whereas its early diversification events probably occurred between the middle to late Miocene.

10aAphelopsia10aLeluthia10aPanama10aphylogenetic relationships10atimes of divergence1 aGadelha, S.S.1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A.1 ade Oliveira, M.L. uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/195001168nas a2200217 4500008004100000245014600041210006900187300001100256490000800267520043900275653001700714653001500731653001900746653001900765653001600784653001500800100002400815700002500839700002600864856006000890 2018 eng d00aRevision of the Afrotropical genus Ivondrovia Shenefelt & Marsh, 1976 with description of a new species (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae)0 aRevision of the Afrotropical genus Ivondrovia Shenefelt Marsh 19 a87-1000 v7473 a

A revision of the small Afrotropical holcobraconine genus Ivondrovia Shenefelt & Marsh, 1976 (Doryctinae) is provided. A new species from Kenya, Ivondrovia grangeri sp. n., is described and illustrated. The illustrated redescriptions of the genus Ivondrovia and its type species Lophogaster seyrigi Granger, 1949 are given. The two known species of this genus are keyed.

10adescriptions10aDoryctinae10aHolcobraconini10akey to species10aLophogaster10aparasitoid1 aBelokobylskij, S.A.1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A.1 aCastañeda-Osorio, R. uhttp://zoobank.org/BBCA7929-F53F-45F5-8039-56B7D3BB257501358nas a2200193 4500008004100000245011500041210006900156300001200225490000700237520073200244653001900976653001300995653001501008653001801023100002501041700002501066700002201091856005101113 2018 eng d00aRevisionary taxonomy of the American Doryctine wasp genus Callihormius Ashmead, 1900 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)0 aRevisionary taxonomy of the American Doryctine wasp genus Callih a211-2350 v683 a

The taxonomy of the American doryctine genus Callihormius is revised. Four Nearctic species are redescribed, including the type species of the genus (C. bifasciatus Ashmead, 1900, C. stigmatus Marsh, 1966, C. texanus Marsh, 1966 and C. werneri Marsh, 1966). Four Neotropical species are also described: C. circumlitoris sp. nov., C. franciscomartoi sp. nov., C. palagannensis sp. nov. and C. tayronensis sp. nov. Callihormius longicaudatus (Nettleton, 1938) is considered as “incertae sedis”. A taxonomic key for the 13 currently recognised species of Callihormius is provided.

10aIchneumonoidea10aNearctic10aNeotropics10ataxonomic key1 ade Souza Gadelha, S.1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A.1 ade Oliveira, M.L. uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/194402531nas a2200205 4500008004100000245015300041210006900194300001200263490000800275520183400283653001502117653001402132653002402146653001602170653001502186100002402201700002402225700002502249856005102274 2019 eng d00aMolecular phylogenetics and evolution of generic diagnostic morphological features in the doryctine wasp tribe Rhaconotini (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)0 aMolecular phylogenetics and evolution of generic diagnostic morp a164-1710 v2793 a

The doryctine tribe Rhaconotini (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is a cosmopolitan group of parasitoid wasps that currently comprises 13 valid genera. Despite the extensive taxonomic studies carried out for this tribe, its generic limits are still unclear due to the considerable variation of its diagnostic morphological features. Here we assessed the evolutionary relationships among representative species of eight rhaconotine genera based on mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequence data. We also performed ancestral character reconstruction analyses of morphological features that are diagnostic at the genus level and assessed the times of origin and main diversification events in the tribe. The Rhaconotini was significantly supported as monophyletic. The widely distributed, speciose genus Rhaconotus Ruthe as well as Ipodoryctes Granger were recovered as non-monophyletic. Rhaconotus species with five visible metasomal tergites were nested in a single clade with the monotypic Aptenobracon Marsh, which also has this morphological feature. Most Rhaconotus species with six or more visible tergites were intermingled with other Oriental and Afrotropical genera that share this condition. The ancestral character reconstruction analyses of the remaining morphological features showed that they probably were gained and lost repeatedly during the evolution of the group. The origin and early diversification events in the Rhaconotini were estimated to occur during the late Eocene to mid-Miocene. Our results highlight the importance of assessing the evolution of diagnostic morphological features to improve the supraspecific classification of insect taxa with extensive morphological homoplasy.

10aBraconidae10aHomoplasy10amolecular phylogeny10aRhaconotini10aRhaconotus1 aJasso-Martinez, J.M1 aBelokobylskij, S.A.1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A. uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/194102328nas a2200205 4500008004100000245020500041210006900246520154800315653001401863653001401877653002401891653002401915100002501939700002401964700002201988700002102010700002102031700001902052856005102071 2017 eng d00aSpecies delimitation, global phylogeny and historical biogeography of the parasitoid wasp genus Spathius (Braconidae: Doryctinae) reveal multiple Oligocene– Miocene intercontinental dispersal events0 aSpecies delimitation global phylogeny and historical biogeograph3 a

Phylogenetic studies of globally distributed taxa are crucial to estimate the mode and tempo of common intercontinental biogeographic processes. However, few of these studies have focused on invertebrates, mainly because their taxonomy and species richness generally are highly neglected. Here we performed a morphological and mtDNA sequence-based species delineation analysis for 111 specimens of the cosmopolitan, speciose parasitoid wasp genus Spathius (Braconidae) and assessed its phylogenetic relationships and historical biogeography adding two nuclear markers. Seventy-one species of Spathius were delimited. Neither the monophyly of Spathiini, Spathius, nor its species groups were recovered. Based on the relaxed molecular clock and ancestral area reconstruction analyses, the Oriental appears as the most plausible region of origin for Spathius, whereas various intercontinental dispersal events probably played an important role in its species diversification. At least three and two dispersal events from the Oriental to the Ethiopian and Australian regions, respectively, were estimated to occur during the late Oligocene to mid-Miocene, c. 25–15 Mya. Dispersal to the Palaearctic and Nearctic from the Ethiopian region probably occurred during the early Miocene, c. 20 Mya. Our results overall reflect that the worldwide distribution of Spathius was acquired early in the evolutionary history of the lineage.

10aCOI mtDNA10adispersal10amolecular phylogeny10aSpecies delineation1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A.1 aBelokobylskij, S.A.1 aMeza-Lazaro, R.N.1 aPedraza-Lara, C.1 aGarcia-Paris, M.1 aMeseguer, A.S. uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/194001974nas a2200229 4500008004100000245010100041210006900142520125100211653002001462653001501482653001901497653000801516653001501524653001501539100002501554700002501579700002401604700002001628700002201648700002301670856005101693 2019 eng d00aTaxonomic revision of the New World genus Stenocorse Marsh (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae)0 aTaxonomic revision of the New World genus Stenocorse Marsh Hymen3 a

Stenocorse (Braconidae) is a doryctine wasp genus widely distributed from southern USA to central Argentina, and it has been reported to be ectoparasitoid of over 60 bruchine (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) species. The genus currently contains a single described species, S. bruchivora (Crawford), though recent molecular and morphological evidence revealed that it is actually composed of various undescribed species. Here we redescribe S. bruchivora (Crawford) and describe five new species from various geographic regions along the Neotropics (S. atlanticus sp. nov., S. maesoi sp. nov., S. pacificus sp. nov., S. rosabricenae sp. nov., S. sudamericanus sp. nov.) We could not morphologically distinguish S. atlanticus sp. nov. from S. pacificus sp. nov., though they can be consistently delimited both geographically and with mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequence data. We include information about the host plant legumes where the recognised species of Stenocorse and their associated bruchines were reared. A key to the recognised species of Stenocorse is provided.

10acryptic species10aDoryctinae10aIchneumonoidea10akey10aNeotropics10aStenocorse1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A.1 aJasso-Martinez, J.M.1 aDelgado-Machuca, N.1 aSarmiento, C.E.1 aGonzalez-Joya, A.1 aFaria, Del, Bianco uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/193701035nas a2200181 4500008004100000245018600041210006900227300000700296490000900303520038500312653001500697653001200712653000800724653001800732100002500750700002700775856005100802 2011 eng d00aErratum - Redescription of species of the Neotropical parasitoid Notiospathius Mathews et Marsh (Braconidae: Doryctinae) based on their nineteenth and early twentieth century types.0 aErratum Redescription of species of the Neotropical parasitoid N a680 v27923 a

In the redescription of Notiospathius fuscipes Cameron, page 35, the propodeum lacks distinct spines over hind coxa and a spine at apical-lateral corners.

The key we included that is complementary to the one provided by Marsh (2002) should be replaced entirely by the following couplets, and is designed to be used in conjunction with Marsh’s key.

10acorrigenda10aerratum10akey10aNotiospathius1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A.1 aDe Jesus-Bonilla, V.S. uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/193502514nas a2200229 4500008004100000245012400041210006900165300001400234490000700248520177800255653001902033653001502052653001502067653001802082653001502100653002802115100002102143700002202164700002202186700002502208856005102233 2019 eng d00aPhylogenomics and mitochondrial genome evolution of the gall-associated doryctine wasp genera (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)0 aPhylogenomics and mitochondrial genome evolution of the gallasso a731–7440 v173 a

The braconid subfamily Doryctinae is a cosmopolitan, highly diverse group of wasps mainly represented by parasitoid species. In this subfamily, however, there is a group of mainly Neotropical genera whose species are associated with galls of several vascular plant families. Previous molecular phylogenetic studies based on a few markers consistently recovered the monophyly of this group, though various relationships among genera and the monophyly of its most speciose genus, Allorhogas Gahan, remained unresolved. We characterized the mitogenomes of 13 representative species of the gall-associated doryctine clade and performed a phylogenomic analysis with both mitogenome and ultraconserved element (UCE) DNA sequence data to assess the classification of Doryctinae and to examine the evolution of phytophagy within the group. We found different patterns of tRNA gene rearrangements, two of which are present in most of the ingroup taxa. All phylogenetic analyses yielded highly similar, well-supported topologies that are congruent with relationships reported in previous studies. The resulting phylogenies confirmed Percnobracon as sister to the remaining genera and supported two separate clades whose genera are exclusively associated with Ficus (Moraceae). Allorhogas is confirmed to be polyphyletic. The combined evidence also supported a main Allorhogas clade composed of multiple phytophagous species that feed on at least five different host plant families. Further rearing records and phylogenetic studies are needed to examine host plant shifts and to broaden our understanding of a poorly studied radiation of gall-associated wasps.

10aIchneumonoidea10amitogenome10aNeotropics10aphylogenomics10aphytophagy10aultraconserved elements1 aSamaca-Saenz, E.1 aMeza-Lazaro, R.N.1 aBranstetter, M.G.1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A. uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/193402013nas a2200217 4500008004100000245012100041210006900162300001200231490000900243520126800252653001401520653002501534653002601559653001601585653001601601100002201617700002601639700002501665700002001690856008501710 2020 eng d00aMorphological variation of the widely distributed genus Stenocorse Marsh, 1968 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae)0 aMorphological variation of the widely distributed genus Stenocor a403-4170 v47503 a

Stenocorse is a monotypic genus with wide distribution and a large range of beetle hosts. We analyzed the morphological variation of 346 specimens from the USA south to Brasil. We studied 15 morphometric and 30 discrete characters using principal component (PCA) and discriminant function analyses (DFA) to assess character informativeness and the influence of geographic distribution and host source to detect differentiation. Mexican samples were studied according to location and biogeographic provinces. Specimens from Colombia were studied according to the plant where the host was recorded. Three measurements show group differentiation whereas four were redundant. Three groups of individuals were supported by continuous and discrete characters: one found in the USA, Mexico, Nicaragua and Costa Rica, a second from Mexico, and a third from Colombia and Brazil. These groups showed poor agreement with the differentiation of its common beetle host populations. This could be a consequence of the large number of sympatric host species feeding on a large number of plant species. This research shed light on other sources of evidence for building a sound taxonomy for Stenocorse.

10aBruchinae10aintegrative taxonomy10amorphologic variation10amorphometry10aparasitoids1 aGonzalez-Joya, A.1 aAmarillo-Suarez, A.R.1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A.1 aSarmiento, C.E. uhttp://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F8218FF6-4972-47E9-9F13-A968FAEFEA1902682nas a2200217 4500008004100000022001400041245012600055210006900181260001200250520197600262653001902238653001202257653001402269653002802283653001302311100002602324700002402350700001402374700002502388856005102413 2019 eng d a1618-107700aSystematics and evolution of the parasitoid wasp genera of the tribe Holcobraconini (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae)0 aSystematics and evolution of the parasitoid wasp genera of the t c06/20193 a

The tribe Holcobraconini (Braconidae: Doryctinae) is a group of parasitoid wasps mainly found in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. It contains seven genera (Holcobracon Cameron, Ivondrovia Shenefelt & Marsh, Liodoryctes Szépligeti, Monarea Szépligeti, Nervellius Roman, Odontobracon Cameron and Zombrus Marshall), most of which are characterized by having the m-cu vein of the hind wing long and strongly curved towards the apex of wing. Some studies, however, found that three doryctine genera that lack the above feature (Binarea Brullé, Liobracon Szépligeti and Odontodoryctes Granger) might be closely related to holcobraconines. Here, we reconstructed the phylogenetic relationships among species of six holcobraconine genera and the three putative closely related genera using four gene markers and estimated the times of origin and diversification within the tribe. The holcobraconine genera were intermingled in a clade with the above three genera. Liobracon and Zombrus were not recovered as monophyletic. Acanthodoryctes Turner, Antidoryctes Belokobylskij & Quicke and Priosphys Enderlein were also included within the Holcobraconini based on morphology. Based on molecular evidence and on morphological examination of the genera involved, Holcobraconini is proposed to comprise 13 genera for which we include morphological diagnoses. The origin of the tribe probably occurred during the late Palaeocene to mid Eocene, 44.43 to 58.15 Mya. At least two main dispersal events from the Ethiopian to the other biogeographic regions could have led to the current geographic distribution of the Holcobraconini associated with the global increase of temperature during the Late Palaeocene to Middle Eocene.

10aIchneumonoidea10aInsecta10aphylogeny10aRelaxed molecular clock10ataxonomy1 aCastañeda-Osorio, R.1 aBelokobylskij, S.A.1 aBraet, Y.1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A. uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/192902467nas a2200169 4500008004100000245016200041210006900203520178500272100002602057700002502083700002602108700002902134700003002163700002802193700002502221856005102246 2019 eng d00aGenetic structure, species limits and evolution of the parasitoid wasp genus Stenocorse (Braconidae: Doryctinae) based on nuclear 3RAD and mitochondrial data0 aGenetic structure species limits and evolution of the parasitoid3 a

Stenocorse (Braconidae: Doryctinae) is an ectoparasitoid wasp genus widely distributed from southern U.S.A. to central Argentina, which is known to attack over 60 bruchine beetle species that feed on a variety of legumes. This genus currently comprises a single described species, S. bruchivora (Crawford, 1910), though it is probably composed of additional, morphologically similar species. In this study we investigated genetic structure, species limits and evolutionary relationships of sampled populations of Stenocorse obtained along its known geographic distribution, with an emphasis on the Mexican territory. For this, we generated DNA sequences from both the mitochondrial (mt) barcoding locus and nuclear genome data obtained with the 3RAD technique. The Bayesian phylogenetic reconstructions based on the two datasets were mostly congruent, both showing clear geographic structure. Four clusters were recovered with nuclear data, which were also congruent with the geographic distribution of the samples and the species delimitation analyses. We delimited six evolutionary lineages with the two data sources, and three additional species were also delimited with the COI locus alone. Stenocorse probably originated during the mid‐ to early Miocene, and the diversification events that led to its current species distribution probably occurred between the early Pliocene and late Pleistocene. Our species delineation analyses, phylogenetic reconstructions and rearing records suggest that the species of Stenocorse have generalist feeding habits, contrary to what was expected due to host plant specialization of the bruchine species and the cascading effect that this could have in the species diversification of their parasitoids.

1 aDelgado‐Machuca, N.1 aMeza‐Lázaro, R.N.1 aRomero‐Nápoles, J.1 aSarmiento‐Monroy, C.E.1 aAmarillo‐Suárez, Á.R.1 aBayona‐Vásquez, N.J.1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A. uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/192702785nas a2200277 4500008004100000245014300041210006900184300001000253490000900263520190600272653001602178653001802194653000802212653001602220653001602236653001502252653001402267653001302281100002402294700002002318700002102338700002502359700002402384700001402408856008502422 2017 eng d00aTaxonomic revision of the Neotropical species of the braconid wasp genus Pedinotus Szépligeti, 1902 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae)0 aTaxonomic revision of the Neotropical species of the braconid wa a1-1020 v43273 a

A revision of the Neotropical species of the braconid wasp genus Pedinotus Szépligeti and molecular characterization of some species based on the COI mitochondrial DNA gene are provided. Twenty four new species are described: P. avispas sp. nov., P. bororo sp. nov., P. botocudo sp. nov., P. brunniventris sp. nov., P. cerdai sp. nov., P. daedalus sp. nov., P. dispar sp. nov., P. dominica sp. nov., P. elongatus sp. nov., P. glabroscutum sp. nov., P. guyanensis sp. nov., P. haliti sp. nov., P. intermedius sp. nov., P. maracas sp. nov., P. nigriceps sp. nov., P. nitidus sp. nov., P. nolli sp. nov., P. peruanus sp. nov., P. plaumanni sp. nov., P. propodealis sp. nov., P. rondoni sp. nov., P. subtristis sp. nov., P. szepligetii sp. nov., and P. trinidad sp. nov. Moreover, P .brasiliensis Szépligeti, 1902, P. columbianus Enderlein, 1912, P. ferrugineus (Enderlein, 1920), P. niger Marsh 2002, P. pardalotus Marsh 2002, P. rojasi Marsh 2002, P. tundisii Felix & Penteado-Dias, 2004 and P. variegatus Marsh 2002 are redescribed. The following new synonyms are proposed: Lamquetia Braet, Barbalho & Achterberg, 2003 under Pedinotus Szépligeti, 1902 (syn. nov.); L. marshi Braet & Barbalho, 2003 and P. fasciatus Castro, Nunes & Penteado-Dias, 2010 under P. pardalotus Marsh, 2003 (syn. nov.). The following new combination is suggested: P. rufus (Braet & van Achterberg, 2003), comb. nov. (from Lamquetia rufa). A key to the Neotropical species of Pedinotus is provided.

10adescription10aDNA barcoding10akey10anew species10anew synonym10aparasitoid10aphylogeny10ataxonomy1 aBelokobylskij, S.A.1 aDe Castro, C.S.1 aShimbori, E., M.1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A.1 aPenteado-Dias, A.M.1 aBraet, Y. uhttp://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:11217888-B031-457C-ABF5-F32FD494BB8701059nas a2200193 4500008004100000245014200041210006900183300001000252490000800262520040800270653002000678653001900698653001900717653001600736653001300752100002400765700002500789856005100814 2014 eng d00aThe genus Spathius Nees (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Doryctinae) in Mexico: occurrence of a highly diverse Old World taxon in the Neotropics0 agenus Spathius Nees Hymenoptera Braconidae Doryctinae in Mexico  a59-730 v4273 a

Two new species of the parasitoid wasp genus Spathius Nees (Braconidae: Doryctinae) from Mexico, S. mexicanus sp. n. and S. chamelae sp. n., are described and illustrated. These represent the second and third described species of this highly diverse Old World genus in the Neotropics, and the first described species recorded for the Mexican territory.

10aCentral America10aEctoparasitoid10aIchneumonoidea10anew species10ataxonomy1 aBelokobylskij, S.A.1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A. uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/191601411nas a2200193 4500008004100000245008600041210006900127300001200196490000700208520085300215653001001068653001201078653000801090653001101098653001301109100001901122700002501141856005101166 2013 eng d00aSeven new species of Allorhogas (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae) from Mexico0 aSeven new species of Allorhogas Hymenoptera Braconidae Doryctina a117-1390 v843 a

Seven new Mexican species of the gall associated doryctine genus Allorhogas are described, illustrated and molecularly characterized: A. amuzgo sp. nov., A. coccolobae sp. nov., A. crassifemur sp. nov., A. jaliscoensis sp. nov., A. marshi sp. nov., A. parvus sp. nov., and A. scotti sp. nov. These new species were collected in tropical dry forests situated along the Pacific coast of Mexico in the states of Jalisco, Oaxaca and Guerrero. Allorhogas coccolobae was reared from leaf galls probably induced by an unidentified cecidomyiid (Diptera) on Coccoloba barbadensis Jacq., representing the first record of this genus on Polygonaceae galls. A key to the described Mexican species of Allorhogas is provided.

10agalls10aInsecta10akey10aMexico10ataxonomy1 aMartinez, J.J.1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A. uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/191301374nas a2200229 4500008004100000245011100041210006900152300001100221490000700232520067600239653002500915653001900940653000800959653002100967653001400988653001301002100001801015700001601033700002501049700001901074856005101093 2016 eng d00aVenifurca, a new genus of neotropical Doryctinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), and its phylogenetic placement0 aVenifurca a new genus of neotropical Doryctinae Hymenoptera Brac a91-1000 v513 a

A new genus belonging to the braconid wasp subfamily Doryctinae, Venifurca gen. n., is described containing one species, Venifurca leiosoma sp. n. The new genus is morphologically similar to Johnsonius Marsh and Semirhytus Szépligeti. A phylogenetic analysis based on one nuclear (28S) and one mitochondrial (COI) gene marker supported the close affinity of these three genera + Bolivar Zaldívar-Riverón & Rodríguez-Jiménez and Parallorhogas Marsh. All these genera are mainly characterized by having vein m-cu of the hind wing slightly curved distally.

10acyclostome braconids10aIchneumonoidea10akey10aParasitoid wasps10aphylogeny10ataxonomy1 aGadelha, S.S.1 aNunes, J.F.1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A.1 aOliveira, M.L. uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/191101858nas a2200229 4500008004100000245011000041210006900151300001200220490000800232520114900240653001501389653001901404653003101423653000901454653001601463653001301479100001901492700002001511700002101531700002501552856005101577 2016 eng d00aSergey gen. n., a new doryctine genus from temperate forests of Mexico and Cuba (Hymenoptera, Braconidae)0 aSergey gen n a new doryctine genus from temperate forests of Mex a143-1640 v5893 a

The new doryctine genus Sergey gen. n. is described with four new species (S. cubaensis Zaldívar-Riverón & Martínez, sp. n., S. coahuilensis Zaldívar-Riverón & Martínez, sp. n., S. tzeltal Martínez & Zalídivar-Riverón, sp. n., S. tzotzil Martínez & Zalídivar-Riverón, sp. n.) from temperate forests of Mexico and Cuba. Similar to many other doryctine taxa, the new genus has a considerably elongated, petiolate basal sternal plate of the first metasomal tergite, although it can be distinguished from these by having the mesoscutum sharply declivous anteriorly with sharp anterolateral edges. The described species have been characterised molecularly based on two mitochondrial (COI, cyt b) and one nuclear (28S) gene markers. Based on the mitochondrial gene genealogies reconstructed, the evidence suggests the existence of incomplete lineage sorting or hybridization in the populations from Chiapas and Oaxaca assigned to S. tzeltal sp. n.

10aDoryctinae10aIchneumonoidea10aincomplete lineage sorting10akeys10anew species10ataxonomy1 aMartinez, J.J.1 aLázaro, R.N.M.1 aPedraza-Lara, C.1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A. uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/190601094nas a2200217 4500008004100000245019600041210007300237300001200310490000900322520031200331653001100643653002500654653002800679653001500707653001300722100001600735700002400751700002500775700002500800856005100825 2016 eng d00aA new species of Bolivar Zaldívar-Riverón et Rodríguez-Jiménez (BRACONIDAE, DORYCTINAE) from Brazil, with new records of the Amazonian B. ecuadorensis Zaldívar-Riverón et López-Estrada0 anew species of Bolivar ZaldívarRiverón et RodríguezJiménez BRACO a245-2500 v41093 a

A new species of the doryctine genus Bolivar (Braconidae), B. brasiliensis sp. nov., is described from the Atlantic coastal region in Brazil. New records and taxonomic notes of the Amazonian B. ecuadorensis Zaldívar-Riverón et López-Estrada are also provided.

10aAmazon10acyclostome braconids10ageographic distribution10aNeotropics10ataxonomy1 aNunes, J.F.1 aPenteado-Dias, A.M.1 ade Souza Gadelha, S.1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A. uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/190502833nas a2200253 4500008004100000245009200041210006900133300001200202490000700214520209800221653001802319653001602337653001702353653000802370653001402378653001402392653001402406653001902420100002102439700002402460700001902484700002502503856005102528 2016 eng d00aSystematics of the Neotropical braconid wasps of the Pedinotus genus group (Doryctinae)0 aSystematics of the Neotropical braconid wasps of the Pedinotus g a481-4910 v413 a

The braconid subfamily Doryctinae (Hymenoptera) is a cosmopolitan, species-rich group of parasitoid wasps whose known species richness and morphological diversity is mainly concentrated in the Neotropical region. Among the doryctine taxa that are endemic to this region, there is a group of six genera (the Pedinotus genus group) that are mainly characterized by having lateral, posteriorly converging or subparallel grooves on the second metasomal tergite (including Gymnobracon Szépligeti, Hybodoryctes Szépligeti, Lamquetia Braet et van Achterberg, Osmophila Szépligeti, Pedinotus Szépligeti and Trigonophasmus Enderlein). Most of these genera were described more than a century ago, and thus their limits and diagnostic morphological features are not well defined. We present an analysis of the phylogenetic relationships among various representative species of five of the six genera belonging to the Pedinotus genus group based on one mitochondrial (cytochrome oxidase I) and two nuclear (28S, Wingless) gene markers. We also estimated the timing of origin and diversification within the group and investigated the external morphology of the genera involved in order to determine reliable identification characters. The group as a whole, whilst being recovered as monophyletic with the inclusion of Acanthorhogas Szépligeti, was not statistically supported. However, the respective monophyly of all of the morphologically supported genera are confirmed, as are the intergeneric relationships (Gymnobracon, Trigonophasmus) ((Acanthorhogas, Osmophila) (Lamquetia, Pedinotus)). We propose that the pattern of sublateral grooves or depressions appears to be a useful systematic character for recognition of an endemic Neotropical radiation that could have originated c. 41–27 Ma. We redescribe six of the seven genera that we recognize for the Pedinotus genus group and provide a key to enable their identification.

10aAcanthorhogas10aGymnobracon10ahybodoryctes10akey10aLamquetia10aOsmophila10aPedinotus10aTrigonophasmus1 aSamaca-Saenz, E.1 aBelokobylskij, S.A.1 aQuicke, D.L.J.1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A. uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/190101852nas a2200205 4500008004100000245013100041210006900172300001200241490000900253520115200262653001901414653001501433653001501448653001501463653001301478100002401491700002101515700002501536856008501561 2015 eng d00aMexiare gen. nov., a new Doryctinae genus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from Mexico with fused first and second metasomal tergites0 aMexiare gen nov a new Doryctinae genus Hymenoptera Braconidae fr a122-1300 v39143 a

A new braconid genus from the subfamily Doryctinae, Mexiare gen. nov. (type species M. toledoi sp. nov.) is described from the state of Morelos in Central Mexico. The described species of this genus is characterised by having immovably fused first and second metasomal tergites, a feature also present in species of two Oriental (Arhaconotus Belokobylskij and Mimipodoryctes Belokobylskij) and one Neotropical (Iare Barbalho et Penteado-Dias) genera. The new genus, however, can be distinguished from the Neotropical Iare by the presence of a semi-oval basal area on the second metasomal tergite, distinctly short submedial (subbasal) cell of hind wing, more than three hamuli, considerably short second radiomedial (submarginal) cell, narrow radial (marginal) cell of fore wing and mostly smooth mesoscutum. A phylogenetic analysis among doryctine genera based on two gene markers (28S and COI) placed Mexiare gen. nov. within a previously recovered major South American clade, though its relationships with other taxa remain unclear.

10aIchneumonoidea10amorphology10aNeotropics10aparasitoid10ataxonomy1 aBelokobylskij, S.A.1 aSamaca-Saenz, E.1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A. uhttp://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:AC29172C-BF40-4B55-91AD-7FCFD9B7118102386nas a2200229 4500008004100000245012900041210006900170260001200239300001400251490000700265520165200272653001501924653001901939653001201958653001601970100002501986700002802011700002002039700002102059700002502080856005102105 2013 eng d00aPhylogenetic relationships and description of Bolivar, a new genus of Neotropical doryctine wasps (Hymenoptera : Braconidae)0 aPhylogenetic relationships and description of Bolivar a new genu c12/2013 a673–6880 v273 a

Metasomal elongation is a common feature in species of various parasitoid Hymenoptera, probably due to adaptive morphological convergence to similar parasitoid strategies. The braconid subfamily Doryctinae is perhaps where this feature has evolved the most times independently. Here we recognise a new Neotropical doryctine wasp genus with a petiolate first metasomal tergum, based on molecular and morphological analysis. The phylogenetic affinities of the new genus within Doryctinae and the relationships among six of its described and three potentially cryptic, undescribed species were reconstructed using sequence data from three genes, wingless, 28SrDNA and COI. The new genus is resolved in a clade together with Semirhytus Szépligeti, Johnsonius Marsh and Parallorhogas Marsh. These four genera share vein m-cu of the hind wing slightly curved distally and the propodeum with a distinct lateral and median longitudinal carina and an apical areola. The relationships recovered among the examined species suggest a South American origin for the new genus and its subsequent diversification into Central America and Mexico. Described as Bolivar, gen. nov., this new taxon comprises eight species, two species previously placed within Notiospathius Matthews & Marsh, B. ornaticornis (Cameron), comb. nov., and B. bribri (Marsh), comb. nov., and six new species (B. ecuadorensis, sp. nov., B. helmuthi, sp. nov., B. pittieri, sp. nov., B. risaraldae, sp. nov., B. teres, sp. nov. and B. tuxtlae, sp. nov.).

10aDoryctinae10aIchneumonoidea10aInsecta10anew species1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A.1 aRodríguez-Jiménez, A.1 aSarmiento, C.E.1 aPedraza-Lara, C.1 aLópez-Estrada, E.K. uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/188301016nas a2200229 4500008004100000245010900041210006900150300001200219490000700231520030400238653001500542653001500557653001700572653001500589653002300604653001600627653001700643100002400660700002500684700002600709856005100735 2014 eng d00aA new subgenus of the genus Callihormius Ashmead, 1900 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae) from Mexico0 anew subgenus of the genus Callihormius Ashmead 1900 Hymenoptera  a151-1560 v853 a

New subgenus Dmitriohormius subgen. n. of the genus Callihormius Ashmead, 1900, with the type species C. (D.) kasparyani sp. n., are described and illustrated from Mexico. The status and morphological peculiarities of new subgenus are discussed.

10aAphelopsia10aBraconidae10aCallihormius10aDoryctinae10aNeotropical region10anew species10anew subgenus1 aBelokobylskij, S.A.1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A.1 aCoronado-Blanco, J.M. uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/187603170nas a2200217 4500008004100000245013800041210006900179520246000248653001902708653001002727653000902737653000902746100002502755700001902780700002402799700002102823700001502844700001702859700002502876856005102901 2014 eng d00aSystematics and evolution of gall formation in the plant-associated genera of the wasp subfamily Doryctinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)0 aSystematics and evolution of gall formation in the plantassociat3 a
Gall formation is a specialised form of phytophagy that consists of abnormal growth of host plant tissue induced by other organisms, principally insects and mites. In the mainly parasitoid wasp subfamily Doryctinae, gall association, represented by gall inducers, inquilines and their parasitoids, is known for species of seven genera. Previous molecular studies recovered few species of six of these genera as monophyletic despite their disparate morphologies. Here, we reconstructed the evolutionary relationships among 47 species belonging to six gall-associated doryctine genera based on two mitochondrial and two nuclear gene markers. Most of the Bayesian analyses, performed with different levels of incomplete taxa and characters, supported the monophyly of gall-associated doryctines, with Heterospilus (Heterospilini) as sister group. Percnobracon Kieffer and Jörgensen and Monitoriella Hedqvist were consistently recovered as monophyletic, and the validity of the monotypic Mononeuron was confirmed with respect to Allorhogas Gahan. A nonmonophyletic Allorhogas was recovered, although without significant support. The relationships obtained and the gathered morphological and biological information led us to erect three new genera originally assigned to PsenobolusFicobolus gen.n. (F. paniaguai sp.n. and F. jaliscoi sp.n.), Plesiopsenobolus gen.n. (Pl. mesoamericanus sp.n., Pl. plesiomorphus van Achterberg and Marsh comb.n., and Pl. tico sp.n.), and Sabinita gen.n. (S. mexicana sp.n.). The origin of the gall-associated doryctine clade was estimated to have occurred during the middle Miocene to early Oligocene, 16.33–30.55 Ma. Our results support the origin of true gall induction in the Doryctinae from parasitoidism of other gall-forming insects. Moreover, adaptations to attack different gall-forming taxa on various unrelated plant families probably triggered species diversification in the main Allorhogas clade and may also have promoted the independent origin of gall formation on at least three plant groups. Species diversification in the remaining doryctine taxa was probably a result of host shifts within a particular plant taxon and shifts to different plant organs.
10aage estimation10aclade10agall10akeys1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A.1 aMartinez, J.J.1 aBelokobylskij, S.A.1 aPedraza-Lara, C.1 aShaw, S.R.1 aHanson, P.E.1 aVarela-Hernandez, F. uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/182201116nas a2200229 4500008004100000245011500041210006900156260001200225300001200237490000900249520041900258653001600677653001900693653001200712653000800724653001500732100002000747700002500767700001900792700002400811856005100835 2013 eng d00aThe genus Hecabolus Curtis 1834 (Braconidae: Doryctinae) in South America, with description of six new species0 agenus Hecabolus Curtis 1834 Braconidae Doryctinae in South Ameri c05/2013 a377-3910 v36643 a
Six new species of the doryctinae wasp genus Hecabolus Curtis 1834 (Braconidae) are described from Brazil and Venezuela: H. assis sp. nov., H. julianoi sp. nov., H. robustus sp. nov., H. semiaridus sp. nov., H. shimborii sp. nov., and H. sulmatogrossensis sp. nov. A key to the nine described species of Hecabolus is provided.
10aHymenoptera10aIchneumonoidea10aInsecta10akey10aparasitoid1 ade Castro, C.S.1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A.1 aBriceño, R.G.1 aPenteado-Dias, A.M. uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/181601389nas a2200229 4500008004100000245014200041210007000183300001200253490000900265520065800274653001300932653001800945653001900963653000800982653001500990653001501005653001301020100002401033700002501057700002601082856005101108 2014 eng d00aPhylogenetic affinities of Monarea Szépligeti, 1904 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Doryctinae), with description of a new species from Mexico0 aPhylogenetic affinities of Monarea Szépligeti 1904 Hymenoptera B a421-4300 v37953 a
The genus Monarea Szépligeti is recorded from Mexico for the first time. A new species, Monarea fridae sp. nov., is described and illustrated from the states of Morelos, Puebla and Jalisco, Mexico. The phylogenetic placement of the genus is investigated based on nuclear (28S) and mitochondrial (COI) DNA sequence data. Based on the relationships recovered, Monarea is transferred to the tribe Holcobraconini, which is also supported by features of the internal ovipositor structure and the venom glands and reservoir. A key to the four currently recognised species of Monarea is provided.
10aApocrita10aholobraconini10aIchneumonoidea10akey10aNeotropics10aparasitoid10ataxonomy1 aBelokobylskij, S.A.1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A.1 aCoronado-Blanco, J.M. uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/180801800nas a2200229 4500008004100000245017000041210006900211300001200280490000800292520100100300653002401301653002801325653001501353653001901368653002801387100002401415700002001439700002001459700002501479700001501504856005101519 2012 eng d00aA New Emerald Ash Borer (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) Parasitoid Species of Spathius Nees (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae) From the Russian Far East and South Korea0 aNew Emerald Ash Borer Coleoptera Buprestidae Parasitoid Species  a165-1780 v1053 a

A new emerald ash borer (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) ectoparasitoid species, Spathius galinae Belokobylskij & Strazanac (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae), is described from the Russian Far East and South Korea. Molecular evidence supports that Russian and Korean specimens represent a single species and are closely related to two Asian species (S. agrili and S. generosus) that belong to the S. exarator species group. The morphological variation of adult S. galinae and its immature stages, distribution, life history, and relation to similar Asian Spathius species are discussed. The distribution of the new species may indicate this is one of the more cold hardy emerald ash borer parasitoids. A brief review of hymenopteran parasitoids of emerald ash borer and new host record, the first for Atanycolus nigriventris Vojnovskaja-Krieger (Braconidae: Braconinae), is reported.

10aAgrilus planipennis10aAtanycolus nigriventris10abiocontrol10aEctoparasitoid10aSpathius galinae n. sp.1 aBelokobylskij, S.A.1 aYurchenko, G.I.1 aStrazanac, J.S.1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A.1 aMastro, V. uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/178901188nas a2200133 4500008004100000245009200041210006900133300001200202490000700214520071900221100001900940700002500959856007000984 2010 eng d00aA new species of Neoheterospilus (Braconidae: Doryctinae) from Chamela, Jalisco, Mexico0 anew species of Neoheterospilus Braconidae Doryctinae from Chamel a217-2220 v193 a

A new species of Neoheterospilus, N. chamelae n. sp., is described from the Chamela-Cuixmala biosphere reserve in the Pacific coast of Jalisco, Mexico. This new species is placed within the subgenus Harpoheterospilus as it has an almost indistinct suture between the second and third metasomal terga and by the absence of a delineated apical area on the second metasomal tergite. Neoheterospilus chamelae is distinguished from the other species of the subgenus, N. (H.) falcatus, by its smooth vertex, single transverse carina in the prescutellar sulcus, a longer basal carina on the propodeum, and an elongate first metasomal tergite.

1 aMartinez, J.J.1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A. uhttp://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35235235#page/19/mode/1up03094nas a2200193 4500008004100000245011700041210006900158300001200227490000700239520246900246653002402715653001602739653001902755653001502774653001402789100002102803700002502824856005102849 2013 eng d00aBroad polyphyly and historical biogeography of the neotropical wasp genus Notiospathius (Braconidae: Doryctinae)0 aBroad polyphyly and historical biogeography of the neotropical w a142-1520 v693 a

Morphological convergence is a frequently observed pattern that occurs in species with similar environments, trophic niches, and/or life history strategies. In particular, adaptive morphological convergence is common in small, highly diverse invertebrate taxa sharing similar life history strategies such as parasitoidism. The genus Notiospathius is a braconid parasitoid wasp group with a vast, undetermined number of species distributed throughout the Neotropics. Members of this genus possess a considerably elongated, petiolate first metasomal tergite. This structure, however, also occurs in species of other doryctine genera, both closely and distantly related, probably due to adaptation for attacking wood and bark boring coleopteran larvae. Here we investigated the phylogenetic relationships among 117 species assigned to Notiospathius, including species of its closely related genera Masonius and Tarasco, as well as members of a number of other doryctine genera in order to test its monophyly. Separate and concatenated Bayesian partitioned analyses were carried out using two mitochondrial and three nuclear gene markers. The influence of each gene on the overall topology was verified using a cross-validation analysis for each marker with a ‘‘leave-one-out’’ approach. Moreover, the historical biogeography of Notiospathius was assessed calculating divergence time estimates of clades with BEAST and performing ancestral area reconstruction analyses both with RASP (Bayesian and S-DIVA) and Lagrange (DEC). All analyses recovered a polyphyletic Notiospathius consisting of three separate clades that were more related to other doryctine genera than to each other. The relationships reconstructed could not be used to confidently establish the limits of Notiospathius with respect to its closely related genera Tarasco and Masonius, and thus the generic status of the latter two taxa is maintained. Our divergence time estimates and ancestral area reconstructions indicate that the most recent common ancestor of Notiospathius sensu stricto originated in the Caribbean subregion during the Oligocene–Miocene boundary, and subsequently diversified during the mid- to late Miocene, radiating throughout the Neotropics.

10aconcatened analysis10aHymenoptera10aIchneumonoidea10aparasitoid10aphylogeny1 aCeccarelli, F.S.1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A. uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/176101899nas a2200241 4500008004100000245012200041210007100163300001000234490000800244520111300252653001501365653001601380653001401396653001501410100001601425700002501441700002001466700001601486700002401502700001901526700001901545856009301564 2012 eng d00aDoryctopambolus Nunes & Zaldívar-Riverón (Braconidae), a new neotropical doryctine wasp genus with propodeal spines0 aDoryctopambolus Nunes ZaldívarRiverón Braconidae a new neotropic a53-670 v2233 a

The new Neotropical doryctine genus Doryctopambolus gen. n. is erected to contain D. pilcomayensis (van Achterberg & Braet, 2004), comb. n., which was previously placed within Pambolus (Pambolinae), as well as three new species, D. clebschi sp. n.D. dominicanus sp. n. and D. sarochensis sp. n.Members of this new genus are mainly characterised by the presence of at least one pair of conspicuous propodeal apico-lateral projections, which are similar to those present in all members of Pambolinae and in species of three Australasian doryctine genera. We generated DNA barcoding sequences for the three newly described species. We discuss the morphological similarity between species of the Australasian Echinodoryctes Belokobylskij, Iqbal & Austin and Doryctopambolus. A key for the described species ofDoryctopambolus is provided.

10aDoryctinae10aHymenoptera10anew genus10aPambolinae1 aNunes, J.F.1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A.1 ade Castro, C.S.1 aMarsh, P.M.1 aPenteado-Dias, A.M.1 aBriceño, R.G.1 aMartinez, J.J. uhttp://www.pensoft.net/journals/zookeys/article/3540/abstract/doryctopambolus-nunes-zald00548nas a2200133 4500008004100000245015900041210006900200300001400269490001400283100001900297700002500316700002200341856005100363 2008 eng d00aReclassification of Bracon mendocinus, a gall-associated doryctine wasp, and description of a new related species of Allorhogas (Hymenoptera: Braconidae).0 aReclassification of Bracon mendocinus a gallassociated doryctine a2689-27010 v42(41-42)1 aMartinez, J.J.1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A.1 aSaez, Alberto, G. uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/163000455nas a2200121 4500008004100000245010600041210006900147300001200216490001000228100001900238700002500257856005100282 2010 eng d00aA new species of Neoheterospilus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae) from Chamela, Jalisco, Mexico.0 anew species of Neoheterospilus Hymenoptera Braconidae Doryctinae a217-2220 v19(2)1 aMartinez, J.J.1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A. uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/163100515nas a2200133 4500008004100000245013600041210006900177300001000246490000900256100001900265700002100284700002500305856005100330 2010 eng d00aThe genus Iare Barbalho and Penteado-Dias (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae) in Mexico, with the description of two new species.0 agenus Iare Barbalho and PenteadoDias Hymenoptera Braconidae Dory a30-380 v26851 aMartinez, J.J.1 aCeccarelli, F.S.1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A. uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/163400629nas a2200157 4500008004100000245018200041210006900223300001000292490000800302100002700310700001600337700002400353700001800377700002500395856005100420 2011 eng d00aA new synonym of the Neotropical parasitoid wasp genus Notiospathius (Braconidae, Doryctinae), with redescription of two species and description of five new species from Brazil.0 anew synonym of the Neotropical parasitoid wasp genus Notiospathi a71-900 v1221 aDe Jesus-Bonilla, V.S.1 aNunes, J.F.1 aPenteado-Dias, A.M.1 aCsosz, Sandor1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A. uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/120401504nas a2200157 4500008004100000245013900041210006900180300001200249490000700261520094200268100002401210700002501234700001401259700002201273856005101295 2008 eng d00aAsian Betylobraconinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae), with description of a new genus and phylogenetic affinities of the tribe Facitorini.0 aAsian Betylobraconinae Hymenoptera Braconidae with description o a133-1540 v393 a

The taxonomy of the Asian genera of the subfamily Betylobraconinae, a small and understudied group within the hymenopteran family Braconidae, is revised. A new genus exclusively from the Asian region, Asiabregma gen. nov., containing three species (A. ryukyuensis sp. nov. (type species, Japan and Malaya), A. makiharai sp. nov. (Japan) and A. sulaensis (van Achterberg), comb. nov. (Indonesia)) is described. One new species of Aulosaphobracon, A. striatus sp. nov. from Vietnam, and one of Facitorus, F. amamioshimus sp. nov. from Japan, are also described. Based on molecular phylogenetic analyses using COI mtDNA and 28S rRNA sequences, the three genera previously placed in the tribe Facitorini, Facitorus, Conobregma and Jannya, together with Asiabregma gen. nov., are transferred to the rogadine tribe Yeliconini.

1 aBelokobylskij, S.A.1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A.1 aMaeto, K.1 aSaez, Alberto, G. uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/102402729nas a2200217 4500008004100000245013100041210006900172300001200241490000800253520202000261653002002281653002202301653002202323653001102345653002002356653001602376100002402392700002502416700001902441856005102460 2004 eng d00aPhylogeny of the genera of the parasitic wasps subfamily Doryctinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) based on morphological evidence.0 aPhylogeny of the genera of the parasitic wasps subfamily Dorycti a369-4040 v1423 a

The evolutionary relationships among most (143 genera) of the currently recognized genera of the braconid wasp subfamily Doryctinae were investigated using maximum parsimony analysis, employing 100 characters from external morphology and four additional, less well-studied character systems (male genitalia, ovipositor structure, venom apparatus and larval cephalic structure). We investigated the ‘performance’ of characters from external morphology and the other character systems and the effects of abundant missing entries by comparing the data decisiveness, retention and consistency indices of four different character partitions. The results indicate that the performances of the different partitions are not related to the proportions of missing entries, but instead are negatively correlated to their proportion of informative characters, suggesting that the morphological information in this group is subject to high levels of homoplasy. The external morphological partition is significantly incongruent with respect to a data set comprising the other character systems based on the ILD test. Analyses supported neither the monophyly of the large tribes Doryctini and Hecabolini, nor the monophyly of the Spathiini and Heterospilini. Relationships obtained from successive approximation weighting analysis for the complete data differ considerably from the currently accepted tribal and subtribal classifications. The only exceptions were the Ypsistocerini and the Ecphylini, whose recognized members were recovered in single clades. A close relationship between the Binaerini and Holcobraconini, and also Monarea, is consistently supported by venom apparatus and ovipositor structure characters but is not indicated by external morphological data. Low bootstrap values obtained for most of the recovered clades in all analyses do not allow us to propose a meaningful reclassification for the group at this time. A complete list of the recognized genera and their synonymies is given.

10aclassification10aconsistency index10adata decisiveness10ainsect10aretention index10asystematics1 aBelokobylskij, S.A.1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A.1 aQuicke, D.L.J. uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/102502606nas a2200265 4500008004100000245009900041210006900140300001200209490000700221520178700228653001502015653002402030653001502054653001502069653002402084653002302108653003402131100002502165700002402190700001902214700001902233700001902252700001902271856005002290 2007 eng d00aA single origin of gall association in a group of parasitic wasps with disparate morphologies.0 asingle origin of gall association in a group of parasitic wasps  a981-9920 v443 a

The braconid wasp subfamily Doryctinae mainly comprises idiobiont ectoparasitoids of other insect larvae. In recent years, however, members of a few genera have been discovered to be associated with galls from various unrelated host plant families, with some of these being gall inducers whereas others are suspected as being predators of gallers. Because of their considerable morphological differences, these gall-associated taxa traditionally have been placed in separate tribes or even in other subfamilies. In this study, we investigate the phylogenetic relationships among representatives of a number of different doryctine genera, including five of its seven gall-associated genera using two genetic markers. Here we analyzed the length-variable 28S sequence data based on secondary structure both excising the unalignable regions and recoding them according to indel length. In addition, multiple alignments were carried out with a range of gap-opening and extension parameters. The combined (28S+CO1) phylogenetic hypotheses obtained, both excluding and recoding the unalignable regions, recover a clade comprising the five gall-associated genera, and most of the analyses using multiple alignments also support this relationship. These results support a scenario in which secondary phytophagy evolves from initially attacking primary gall-forming hosts. The relationships recovered are also more congruent with a model that explains the macroevolution of insect plant association in the Doryctinae as reflecting geographic proximity rather than host plant relationships. Further, our phylogenetic hypotheses consistently show that one of the main morphological features employed in the higher level classification of the Doryctinae is actually highly homoplastic.

10aBraconidae10acharacter evolution10acyclostome10aDoryctinae10amolecular phylogeny10amultiple alignment10asecondary structure alignment1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A.1 aBelokobylskij, S.A.1 aRegagnon, Leon1 aMartinez, J.J.1 aBriceño, R.G.1 aQuicke, D.L.J. uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/92800482nas a2200121 4500008004100000245012900041210006900170300001200239490001000251100002500261700002400286856005000310 2009 eng d00aThe parasitic wasp genus Hecabolus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae), with the description of a new species from Mexico.0 aparasitic wasp genus Hecabolus Hymenoptera Braconidae Doryctinae a419-4290 v80(2)1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A.1 aBelokobylskij, S.A. uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/92900604nas a2200145 4500008004100000245020100041210006900242300000900311490000800320100002500328700001900353700002100372700001500393856005000408 2012 eng d00aFive new species of the genera Heerz Marsh, Lissopsius Marsh and Ondigus Braet, Barbalho and van Achterberg (Braconidae, Doryctinae) from the Chamela-Cuixmala biosphere reserve in Jalisco, Mexico.0 aFive new species of the genera Heerz Marsh Lissopsius Marsh and  a1-230 v1641 aZaldivar-Riveron, A.1 aMartinez, J.J.1 aCeccarelli, F.S.1 aShaw, S.R. uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/93202113nas a2200277 4500008004100000022001400041245011700055210006900172300001000241490000700251520127200258653001501530653000901545653001801554653001501572653001601587653002401603100002501627700001901652700002101671700002701692700002601719700002401745700001601769856005001785 2010 eng d a1940-173600aDNA barcoding a highly diverse group of parasitoid wasps (Braconidae: Doryctinae) from a Mexican nature reserve.0 aDNA barcoding a highly diverse group of parasitoid wasps Braconi a18-230 v213 a

Background and aims. The preliminary results of a DNA barcoding study of the doryctine fauna of parasitoid wasps from the Chamela–Cuixmala Biosphere Reserve in Mexico, a region dominated by tropical dry forest, are presented. So far, three field trips have been carried out to the reserve and 468 specimens have been collected, of which 407 cox1 sequences were obtained.
Materials and methods. The general mixed Yule-coalescent model was applied to a phylogram to investigate the number of evolutionary units that can be detected from the DNA sequence data examined.
Results. A total of 185 barcoding species assigned to 20 identified doryctine genera were discriminated using the above model, 115 of which belong to the speciose genus Heterospilus, pointing out the extraordinary species richness of this subfamily of insects in a Mexican tropical dry forest.
Conclusion. On the basis of the DNA barcodes generated, Ptesimogastroides Braet & van Achterberg is proposed to be a junior synonym of Ptesimogaster Marsh syn. nov. Neoheterospilus was also found deeply nested within a large Heterospilus clade, suggesting the paraphyly of the latter genus.

10aBraconidae10acox110aDNA barcoding10aDoryctinae10aHymenoptera10atropical dry forest1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A.1 aMartinez, J.J.1 aCeccarelli, F.S.1 aDe Jesus-Bonilla, V.S.1 aRodriguez-Perez, A.C.1 aResendiz-Flores, A.1 aSmith, M.A. uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/93300544nas a2200133 4500008004100000245016700041210006900208300001200277490001000289100002500299700001700324700001900341856005000360 2006 eng d00aSystematics of the cyclostome subfamilies of braconid parasitic wasps (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea): A simultaneous molecular and morphological Bayesian approach.0 aSystematics of the cyclostome subfamilies of braconid parasitic  a130-1450 v38(1)1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A.1 aMori, Miharu1 aQuicke, D.L.J. uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/93400559nas a2200145 4500008004100000245015000041210006900191300001000260490000700270100001600277700002400293700002100317700002500338856005000363 2012 eng d00aRedescription of Mononeuron duguetiae Fischer (Braconidae, Doryctinae), a gall associated species on Duguetia furfuracea (St. Hil.) (Annonaceae).0 aRedescription of Mononeuron duguetiae Fischer Braconidae Dorycti a75-840 v241 aNunes, J.F.1 aPenteado-Dias, A.M.1 aCeccarelli, F.S.1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A. uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/35501486nas a2200205 4500008004100000245012000041210006900161300001200230490000700242520082900249653001701078653002201095653001601117653001401133653001401147100002401161700002101185700002501206856004901231 2011 eng d00aKauriphanes n. gen., a new genus of braconid parasitoid wasp (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae) from New Zealand0 aKauriphanes n gen a new genus of braconid parasitoid wasp Hymeno a394-4010 v473 a

A new genus belonging to the braconid wasp subfamily Doryctinae, Kauriphanes n. gen. (type species K. khalaimi n. sp.), is described from New Zealand. This genus is placed within the doryctine subtribe Caenophanina. The extent of this subtribe is discussed and the phylogenetic relationships of three of its genera were investigated using one mitochondrial and one nuclear DNA sequence markers. Similar to previous studies, the Bayesian analyses performed significantly support a clade with the included members of Caenophanina as a sister group of a clade with the examined species of Spathiini sensu stricto. The placement of the Caenophanini within Doryctini, however, is left pendant to further exhaustive phylogenetic studies. A key to genera and subgenera belonging to Caenophanina is given.

10aCaenophanina10amitochondrial DNA10anuclear DNA10aphylogeny10aSpathiini1 aBelokobylskij, S.A.1 aCeccarelli, F.S.1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A. uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/6202058nas a2200217 4500008004100000245018100041210006900222300001000291490000800301520131600309653001501625653001101640653001501651653001801666653001501684100002701699700001601726700002401742700002501766856004901791 2011 eng d00aA new synonym of the Neotropical parasitoid wasp genus Notiospathius (Braconidae, Doryctinae), with redescription of two species and description of five new species from Brazil0 anew synonym of the Neotropical parasitoid wasp genus Notiospathi a71-900 v1223 a

A junior synonym of the parasitoid wasp genus Notiospathius Matthews and Marsh,Hansonorum syn. n., with two new combinations, Notiospathius carolinae (Marsh) comb. n. andNotiospathius pauli (Marsh) comb. n., are proposed. Two species of Notiospathius from Brazil originally described in early twentieth century are redescribed, Notiospathius caudatus (Szépligeti) and Notiospathius diversus (Szépligeti). Five new species of Notiospathius from southern Brazil are also described: Notiospathius atra sp. n.Notiospathius johnlennoni sp. n.Notiospathius novateutoniae sp. n.Notiospathius sulcatus sp. n., and Notiospathius xanthofasciatus sp. n.Most of the type specimens of the above new species were collected in the mid twentieth century in the Nova Teutonia region, which is now part of the municipality of Seara in the state of Santa Catarina.

10aBraconidae10aBrazil10aDoryctinae10aNotiospathius10aparasitoid1 aDe Jesus-Bonilla, V.S.1 aNunes, J.F.1 aPenteado-Dias, A.M.1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A. uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/4703055nas a2200193 4500008004100000245020900041210006900250300001200319490000700331520233100338653001502669653001502684653002502699653002402724100002102748700001802769700002502787856004902812 2012 eng d00aSpecies identification in the taxonomically neglected, highly diverse, neotropical parasitoid wasp genus Notiospathius (Braconidae: Doryctinae) based on an integrative molecular and morphological approach0 aSpecies identification in the taxonomically neglected highly div a485-4950 v623 a

Various DNA sequence-based methods for species delineation have recently been developed to assess the species-richness of highly diverse, neglected invertebrate taxa. These methods, however, need to be tested under a variety of conditions, including the use of different markers and parameters. Here, we explored the species diversity of a species-rich group of braconid parasitoid wasps, the Neotropical genus Notiospathius, including 233 specimens from 10 different countries. We examined sequences of two mitochondrial (mt) (COI, cyt b) and one nuclear (wg) gene fragments. We analysed them separately as well as concatenating the mt data with the general mixed Yule-coalescent (GMYC) model for species delineation using different tree-building methods and parameters for reconstructing ultrametric trees. We evaluated the performance of GMYC analyses by comparing their species delineations with our morphospecies identifications. Reconstructing ultrametric trees with a relaxed lognormal clock rate using the program BEAST gave the most congruent results with morphology for the two mt markers. A tree obtained with wg using the programs MrBayes+Pathd8 had the fewest cases of incongruence with morphology, though the performance of this nuclear marker was considerably lower than that of COI and cyt b. Species delimitation using the coalescent prior to obtain ultrametric trees was morphologically more congruent with COI, whereas the Yule prior was more congruent with cyt b. The analyses concatenating the mt datasets failed to recover some species supported both by morphology and the separate analyses of the mt markers. The highest morphological congruence was obtained with the GMYC analysis on an ultrametric tree reconstructed with cyt b using the relaxed lognormal clock rate and the Yule prior, thus supporting the importance of using alternative markers when the information of the barcoding locus (COI) is not concordant with morphological evidence. Seventy-one species were delimited based on the congruence found among COI, cyt b and morphology. Both mt markers also revealed the existence of seven potential cryptic species. This high species richness from a scattered geographical sampling indicates that there is a remarkable number of Notiospathius species that remains undiscovered.

10aDoryctinae10aGMYC model10aintegrative taxonomy10aSpecies delineation1 aCeccarelli, F.S.1 aSharkey, M.J.1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A. uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/4601499nas a2200265 4500008004100000245010200041210006900143300001000212490000700222520070800229653001400937653001500951653002500966653001600991653001501007100002501022700001901047700001601066700001601082700002401098700002101122700001601143700002501159856004901184 2012 eng d00aSeven new species of Notiospathius (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Doryctinae) from Northwest Venezuela0 aSeven new species of Notiospathius Hymenoptera Braconidae Doryct a37-610 v293 a

We describe seven new species of the doryctine wasp genus Notiospathius Matthews & Marsh from Northwest Venezuela: N. araguae sp. n., N. bolivari sp. n., N. curvilineatus sp. n., N. dantei sp. n., N. estradae sp. n., N. larensis sp. n., and N. venezuelae sp. n. These represent the first described species of the genus reported for this country. Species boundaries for the above taxa were confirmed using the General mixed Yule-coalescent method with 441 DNA barcode sequences from specimens assigned to Notiospathius and other closely related genera collected in different countries along the Neotropics.

10aBarcoding10aGMYC model10aintegrative taxonomy10aNeotropical10aparasitoid1 aLópez-Estrada, E.K.1 aBriceño, R.G.1 aSmith, M.A.1 aNunes, J.F.1 aPenteado-Dias, A.M.1 aCeccarelli, F.S.1 aClebsch, H.1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A. uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/4501162nas a2200193 4500008004100000245017500041210006900216300001000285490000900295520047800304653001400782653001500796653002500811653001600836653001500852100002500867700002700892856004900919 2010 eng d00aRedescription of species of the Neotropical parasitoid Notiospathius Mathews et Marsh (Braconidae: Doryctinae) based on their nineteenth and early twentieth century types0 aRedescription of species of the Neotropical parasitoid Notiospat a31-420 v25433 a

Seven species of the speciose Neotropical parasitoid wasp genus Notiospathius Mathews et Marsh are redescribed. These species were originally described during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Examination of the holotpyes of N. meliorator and N. necator revealed that they actually belong to an undescribed doryctine genus that is similar to Ptesimogaster Marsh, 1965. A key is provided to distinguish these species.

10aBarcoding10aGMYC model10aintegrative taxonomy10aNeotropical10aparasitoid1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A.1 aDe Jesus-Bonilla, V.S. uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/4401912nas a2200193 4500008004100000245013300041210006900174300001200243490000700255520128200262653000801544653000801552100002501560700002401585700002201609700001901631700001901650856004901669 2008 eng d00aMolecular phylogeny and historical biogeography of the cosmopolitan parasitic wasp subfamily Doryctinae (Hymenoptera:Braconidae)0 aMolecular phylogeny and historical biogeography of the cosmopoli a345-3630 v223 a

The phylogenetic relationships among representatives of 64 genera of the cosmopolitan parasitic wasps of the subfamily Doryctinae were investigated based on nuclear 28S ribosomal (r) DNA (~650 bp of the D2–3 region) and cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) mitochondrial (mt) DNA (603 bp) sequence data. The molecular dating of selected clades and the biogeography of the subfamily were also inferred. The partitioned Bayesian analyses did not recover a monophyletic Doryctinae, though the relationships involved were only weakly supported. Strong evidence was found for rejecting the monophylies of both Doryctes Haliday, 1836 and Spathius Nees, 1818. Our results also support the recognition of the Rhaconotini as a valid tribe. A dispersal–vicariance analysis showed a strong geographical signal for the taxa included, with molecular dating estimates for the origin of Doryctinae and its subsequent radiation both occurring during the late Paleocene–early Eocene. The divergence time estimates suggest that diversification in the subfamily could have in part occurred as a result of continental break-up events that took place in the southern hemisphere, though more recent dispersal events account for the current distribution of several widespread taxa.

10a28S10aCOI1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A.1 aBelokobylskij, S.A.1 aLeon-Regagnon, V.1 aBriceño, R.G.1 aQuicke, D.L.J. uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/4301300nas a2200217 4500008004100000022001400041245010200055210007000157300001000227490000900237520064700246653001500893653001800908653001500926653001400941653001800955100001400973700002100987700002501008856004901033 2012 eng d a1175-533400aTwo new species of Evaniodes Szépligeti (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae) from French Guiana0 aTwo new species of Evaniodes Szépligeti Hymenoptera Braconidae D a52-600 v32473 a
Two new species belonging to the enigmatic doryctine genus Evaniodes Szépligeti, 1901 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), E. palikuri Braet, Ceccarelli & Zaldívar-Riverón sp. nov. and E. wayampisi Braet, Ceccarelli & Zaldívar-Riverón sp. nov., are described from French Guiana. Two of the three previously described species of Evaniodes, E. areolatus Szépligeti, 1901 and E. spathiiformis Szépligeti, 1901, are recorded for the first time for French Guiana. A key to the five described species of the genus is provided.
10aBraconidae10aDNA barcoding10aDoryctinae10aEvaniodes10aFrench Guiana1 aBraet, Y.1 aCeccarelli, F.S.1 aZaldivar-Riveron, A. uhttps://doryctinaekey.myspecies.info/node/37