@article {1761, title = {Broad polyphyly and historical biogeography of the neotropical wasp genus Notiospathius (Braconidae: Doryctinae)}, journal = {Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution}, volume = {69}, year = {2013}, pages = {142-152}, abstract = {

Morphological convergence is a frequently observed pattern that occurs in species with similar environments,\ trophic niches, and/or life history strategies. In particular, adaptive morphological convergence is\ common in small, highly diverse invertebrate taxa sharing similar life history strategies such as parasitoidism.\ The genus Notiospathius is a braconid parasitoid wasp group with a vast, undetermined number\ of species distributed throughout the Neotropics. Members of this genus possess a considerably elongated,\ petiolate first metasomal tergite. This structure, however, also occurs in species of other doryctine\ genera, both closely and distantly related, probably due to adaptation for attacking wood and bark boring\ coleopteran larvae. Here we investigated the phylogenetic relationships among 117 species assigned to\ Notiospathius, including species of its closely related genera Masonius and Tarasco, as well as members\ of a number of other doryctine genera in order to test its monophyly. Separate and concatenated Bayesian\ partitioned analyses were carried out using two mitochondrial and three nuclear gene markers. The influence\ of each gene on the overall topology was verified using a cross-validation analysis for each marker\ with a \‘\‘leave-one-out\’\’ approach. Moreover, the historical biogeography of Notiospathius was assessed\ calculating divergence time estimates of clades with BEAST and performing ancestral area reconstruction\ analyses both with RASP (Bayesian and S-DIVA) and Lagrange (DEC). All analyses recovered a polyphyletic\ Notiospathius consisting of three separate clades that were more related to other doryctine genera\ than to each other. The relationships reconstructed could not be used to confidently establish the limits\ of Notiospathius with respect to its closely related genera Tarasco and Masonius, and thus the generic status\ of the latter two taxa is maintained. Our divergence time estimates and ancestral area reconstructions\ indicate that the most recent common ancestor of Notiospathius sensu stricto originated in the Caribbean\ subregion during the Oligocene\–Miocene boundary, and subsequently diversified during the mid- to late\ Miocene, radiating throughout the Neotropics.

}, keywords = {concatened analysis, Hymenoptera, Ichneumonoidea, parasitoid, phylogeny}, doi = {10.1016/j.ympev.2013.05.001}, author = {Ceccarelli, F.S. and A. Zaldivar-Riveron} } @article {1419, title = {Evolution of the hymenopteran megaradiation.}, journal = {Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution}, volume = {60 (1)}, year = {2011}, pages = {73-88}, author = {Heraty, J. and Ronquist, F. and Carpenter, J.M. and Hawks, D. and Schulmeister, S. and A.P.G. Dowling and Murray, D. and Munro, J. and Wheeler, W.C. and Schiff, N. and M.J. Sharkey} } @article {1231, title = {Relationships among the cyclostome braconid (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) subfamilies inferred from a mitochondrial tRNA gene rearrangement.}, journal = {Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution}, volume = {11(2)}, year = {1999}, pages = {283-287}, author = {Dowton, M.} } @article {1216, title = {Variation and phylogenetic utility of the large ribosomal sub-unit of mitochondrial DNA from the insect order Hymenoptera.}, journal = {Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution}, volume = {1}, year = {1992}, pages = {136-147}, author = {Derr, J.N. and Davis, S.K. and Woolley, J.B. and R.A. Wharton} } @article {1027, title = {A molecular phylogeny of the Aphidiinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae).}, journal = {Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution}, volume = {7(3)}, year = {1997}, pages = {281-293}, author = {Belshaw, R. and D.L.J. Quicke} } @article {928, title = {A single origin of gall association in a group of parasitic wasps with disparate morphologies.}, journal = {Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution}, volume = {44}, year = {2007}, pages = {981-992}, abstract = {

The braconid wasp subfamily Doryctinae mainly comprises idiobiont ectoparasitoids of other insect larvae. In recent years, however, members of a few genera have been discovered to be associated with galls from various unrelated host plant families, with some of these being gall inducers whereas others are suspected as being predators of gallers. Because of their considerable morphological differences, these gall-associated taxa traditionally have been placed in separate tribes or even in other subfamilies. In this study, we investigate the phylogenetic relationships among representatives of a number of different doryctine genera, including five of its seven gall-associated genera using two genetic markers. Here we analyzed the length-variable 28S sequence data based on secondary structure both excising the unalignable regions and recoding them according to indel length. In addition, multiple alignments were carried out with a range of gap-opening and extension parameters. The combined (28S+CO1) phylogenetic hypotheses obtained, both excluding and recoding the unalignable regions, recover a clade comprising the five gall-associated genera, and most of the analyses using multiple alignments also support this relationship. These results support a scenario in which secondary phytophagy evolves from initially attacking primary gall-forming hosts. The relationships recovered are also more congruent with a model that explains the macroevolution of insect plant association in the Doryctinae as reflecting geographic proximity rather than host plant relationships. Further, our phylogenetic hypotheses consistently show that one of the main morphological features employed in the higher level classification of the Doryctinae is actually highly homoplastic.

}, keywords = {Braconidae, character evolution, cyclostome, Doryctinae, molecular phylogeny, multiple alignment, secondary structure alignment}, doi = {10.1016/j.ympev.2007.05.016}, author = {A. Zaldivar-Riveron and S.A. Belokobylskij and Leon Regagnon, V. and J.J. Martinez and R.G. Brice{\~n}o and D.L.J. Quicke} } @article {934, title = {Systematics of the cyclostome subfamilies of braconid parasitic wasps (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea): A simultaneous molecular and morphological Bayesian approach.}, journal = {Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution}, volume = {38(1)}, year = {2006}, pages = {130-145}, author = {A. Zaldivar-Riveron and Mori, Miharu and D.L.J. Quicke} } @article {596, title = {Phylogenetic relationships among the Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) inferred from partial 16S rDNA, 28S rDNA D2, 18S rDNA gene sequences and morphological characters.}, journal = {Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution}, volume = {37(1)}, year = {2005}, pages = {104-116}, author = {Shi, M. and X.-X. Chen and C. van Achterberg} } @article {445, title = {Phylogenetic relationships among the Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea): A reassessment of Shi et al. (2005).}, journal = {Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution}, volume = {43}, year = {2007}, pages = {338-343}, author = {Pitz, K.M. and A.P.G. Dowling and B.J. Sharanowski and Boring, C.A. and K.C. Seltmann and M.J. Sharkey} } @article {46, title = {Species identification in the taxonomically neglected, highly diverse, neotropical parasitoid wasp genus Notiospathius (Braconidae: Doryctinae) based on an integrative molecular and morphological approach}, journal = {Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution}, volume = {62}, year = {2012}, pages = {485-495}, abstract = {

Various DNA sequence-based methods for species delineation have recently been developed to assess the species-richness of highly diverse, neglected invertebrate taxa. These methods, however, need to be tested under a variety of conditions, including the use of different markers and parameters. Here, we explored the species diversity of a species-rich group of braconid parasitoid wasps, the Neotropical genus Notiospathius, including 233 specimens from 10 different countries. We examined sequences of two mitochondrial (mt) (COI, cyt b) and one nuclear (wg) gene fragments. We analysed them separately as well as concatenating the mt data with the general mixed Yule-coalescent (GMYC) model for species delineation using different tree-building methods and parameters for reconstructing ultrametric trees. We evaluated the performance of GMYC analyses by comparing their species delineations with our morphospecies identifications. Reconstructing ultrametric trees with a relaxed lognormal clock rate using the program BEAST gave the most congruent results with morphology for the two mt markers. A tree obtained with wg using the programs MrBayes+Pathd8 had the fewest cases of incongruence with morphology, though the performance of this nuclear marker was considerably lower than that of COI and cyt b. Species delimitation using the coalescent prior to obtain ultrametric trees was morphologically more congruent with COI, whereas the Yule prior was more congruent with cyt b. The analyses concatenating the mt datasets failed to recover some species supported both by morphology and the separate analyses of the mt markers. The highest morphological congruence was obtained with the GMYC analysis on an ultrametric tree reconstructed with cyt b using the relaxed lognormal clock rate and the Yule prior, thus supporting the importance of using alternative markers when the information of the barcoding locus (COI) is not concordant with morphological evidence. Seventy-one species were delimited based on the congruence found among COI, cyt b and morphology. Both mt markers also revealed the existence of seven potential cryptic species. This high species richness from a scattered geographical sampling indicates that there is a remarkable number of Notiospathius species that remains undiscovered.

}, keywords = {Doryctinae, GMYC model, integrative taxonomy, Species delineation}, doi = {10.1016/j.ympev.2011.10.018}, author = {Ceccarelli, F.S. and M.J. Sharkey and A. Zaldivar-Riveron} }