@article {1938, title = {Beta diversity of four braconid subfamilies (Braconidae, Agathidinae, Braconinae, Doryctinae and Macrocentrinae) of the Ria Lagartos Biosphere reserve in Yucatan, Mexico, with some considerations on biological habits}, year = {2018}, abstract = {

The species diversity composition and phenological behaviour of four braconid subfamilies (Hymenoptera:\ Braconidae: Agathidinae, Braconinae, Doryctinae and Macrocentrinae) were monitored in three\ vegetation communities (dune vegetation, tropical deciduous forest and savannah) of the Ria Lagartos\ Biosphere Reserve (RLBR) in Yucatan, Mexico. Braconid wasps were collected with Malaise traps every\ 15 days over one year (June 2008 to June 2009). A total of 2,476 specimens were inventoried comprising\ 233 species and 63 genera. The composition of braconids and their lifestyles differed among the three\ vegetation communities studied. Doryctinae was the most diverse and abundant subfamily in RLBR (40 genera, 145 species, 990 specimens) and the tropical deciduous forest recorded the maximum abundance and diversity (H\’= 4.1; alpha value= 1.059), with 61 exclusive species. Phenological sequence indicates an influence of the rainy season in braconid diversity, but its effects differed among braconid subfamilies and among the vegetation communities. Finally, the importance of the RBRL as a conservation site for this hymenopterous wasp is discussed.

}, keywords = {abundance, braconid wasps, conservation, Neotropical}, doi = {10.3897/jhr.67.28982}, url = {http://zoobank.org/4898F924-8EEA-4462-919A-C57D72122F92}, author = {R. Cauich-Kumul and H. Delfin-Gonzalez and A. Mart{\'\i}n-Park and P. Manrique-Saide and V. Lopez-Martinez} } @article {1921, title = {Molecular phylogenetic analyses and morphological variation point to taxonomic problems among four genera of parasitoid doryctine wasps (Hymenoptera : Braconidae)}, journal = {Invertebrate Systematics}, volume = {29}, year = {2015}, pages = {591-609}, abstract = {

Doryctinae (Hymenoptera : Braconidae) is a large and diverse subfamily of parasitic wasps that has received\ much attention recently, with new species and genera described and phylogenies based on morphological and/or molecular\ data that have improved higher-level classification and species delimitation. However, the status of several genera is still\ unresolved, if not controversial. Here we focus on two related groups of such genera, Dendrosoter Wesmael\–Caenopachys\ Foerster and Ecphylus Foerster\–Sycosoter Picard \& Lichtenstein. We integrated morphological and molecular (COI and\ 28S\–D2 genes) evidence to highlight, by phylogenetic analyses (maximum likelihood and Bayesian) and a posteriori\ morphological examination, previously overlooked variation, which is here illustrated and discussed. Monophyly of\ Dendrosoter and Caenopachys and the presence of synapomorphic morphological characters support synonymy of\ Caenopachys under Dendrosoter. Low genetic differentiation and high variability for putatively diagnostic morphological\ characters found in both C. hartigii (Ratzeburg) and C. caenopachoides (Ruschka) supports synonymy of D. caenopachoides\ under D. hartigii, syn. nov. Morphological and molecular evidence together also indicate independent generic status for\ Sycosoter, stat. rev., which is here resurrected. This work represents a further advancement in the framework of the ongoing\ effort to improve systematics and classification of the subfamily Doryctinae.

}, keywords = {28S{\textendash}D2, Caenopachys, COI, Dendrosoter, Doryctinae, Ecphylus, integrative taxonomy, Sycosoter}, doi = {10.1071/IS14064}, author = {M. Gebiola and A.P. Garonna and U. Bernardo and S.A. Belokobylskij} } @mastersthesis {1885, title = {Taxonomia de Doryctinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) na Amaz{\^o}nia brasileira}, volume = {Master}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, school = {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amaz{\^o}nia}, type = {PPG-ENT}, address = {Manaus, Brazil}, abstract = {

Braconidae has about 19,500 valid species, and Doryctinae is one of its most\ diverse subfamilies with over 1000 species in about 180 genera. However, the\ authors point out that the greater diversity of the group lies in the Neotropics,\ where there are about 70\% of the genera. In Brazil, have been recorded near 60\ genera, 32 for the Brazilian Amazon. However, these genera are known only by\ their type-localities, and their identification is so hardy due to the lack of keys for\ the region, and the ones that exist belongs to other regions and are outdated.\ Thus, the objective here was to conduct a taxonomic study of the Doryctinae\ genera occurring in the Brazilian Amazon. For its realization, mainly material from\ Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amaz\ônia (INPA) and Museu Paraense\ Em\ílio Goeldi (MPEG) were analyzed, besides other entomological collections of\ the Amazon region. The material was identified in part through the keys of Marsh\ (1997 and 2002) to the New World and Costa Rica, respectively and original\ descriptions. It was possible to analyze more than 900 specimens classified into\ 44 existing genera, beyond recognition of seven new genera and three new\ species, all here described. Barbalhoa Marsh, Curtiselloides Marsh, Pannuceus\ Marsh, Percnobracon Kieffer, Vanderentiellus Marsh and Bolivar Zald\ívar-River\ón \& Rodr\íguez-Jim\énez are new records for Brazil, while Aphelopsia\ Marsh, Neoheterospilus Belokobylskij, Panama Marsh and Ptesimogastroides\ Braet \& van Achterberg are news for the Brazilian Amazon region; besides 24\ genera had their records expanded within this region. The subfamily was\ recorded in almost all the states that comprise the Brazilian Amazon, except for\ Tocantins and Mato Grosso. The largest number of genera was found in\ Amazonas (44), followed by Par\á (23) and Roraima (20). It is suggested that\ further collection efforts should be concentrated on those states that had fewer\ genera registered (Rond\ônia, Mato Grosso, Tocantins and Maranh\ão) and also\ have greater risk of loss of biodiversity due to deforestation. The taxonomic\ analysis suggests the existence of a possible synonymy of Johnsonius Marsh\ under Semirhytus Sz\épligeti, and Aphelopsia Marsh under Callihormius\ Ashmead. The Notiospathius Matthews \& Marsh and Allorhogas Gahan have a\ great diversity within the region and should be studied separately in the future,\ considering the possibility of discovering new species in the first, and a better\ definition of it limits in the second.

}, url = {http://w2.files.scire.net.br/atrio/inpa-ent_upl/THESIS/91/dissertao__siangadelha.pdf}, author = {S. de Souza Gadelha} } @article {1803, title = {Braconid Wasps (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of Northern Yucatan, Mexico: Subfamilies Agathidinae and Doryctinae (excluding Heterospilus Haliday)}, journal = {Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society}, volume = {85}, year = {2012}, pages = {186-205}, abstract = {

The Braconidae fauna (Agathidinae and Doryctinae, excluding Heterospilus\ Haliday) of the Ria Lagartos Biosphere Reserve in Yucatan, Mexico are recorded. Eighty-three\ species and 29 genera were found; of these 62 species are new records for Mexico. The\ general distribution and flight period of the taxa collected are provided.

}, keywords = {Braconid fauna, flight period, species records}, doi = {10.2317/JKES120212.1}, url = {http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.2317/JKES120212.1}, author = {Cauich-Kumul, R. and Delfin-Gonzalez, H. and Lopez-Martinez, V. and M.J. Sharkey} } @book {1770, title = {Braconidae 9. Doryctinae.}, series = {Hymenopterorum Catalogus (nova editio)}, volume = {13}, year = {1976}, pages = {1263-1424}, author = {Shenefelt, R.D. and P.M. Marsh} } @article {1627, title = {Monograph of British Braconidae. Part I.}, journal = {Transactions of the Entomological Society of London}, volume = {1885}, year = {1885}, pages = {1-280}, author = {Marshall, T.A.} } @article {1639, title = {The behavior of three wasp parasites of a Costa Rican bark beetle, with description of a new species of Ecphylus.}, journal = {Journal of the Georgia Entomological Society}, volume = {4(3)}, year = {1969}, pages = {111-118}, abstract = {

Behavioral observations on both sexes of three parasite members of a Spondias bark community are presented. A small scolytid beetle, Styphlosoma granulatum Blandf., served as host for two parasitic wasps, Theocolaxia pityophthori (Ashmead) (Pteromalidae) and Ecphylus costaricensis n. sp. (Braconidae). Searching and courtship of a third wasp, Pedinotus columbianus Enderlein (Braconidae), whose host was undetermined, are also described. Accidental parasite-ant encounters were surprisingly frequent, and their possible impact on the evolution of the wasps\&$\#$39; behavior is considered.

}, author = {R.W. Matthews} } @article {1601, title = {The Nearctic Doryctinae I. A review of the subfamily with a taxonomic revision of the tribe Hecabolini (Hymenoptera: Braconidae).}, journal = {Annals of the Entomological Society of America}, volume = {58}, year = {1965}, pages = {668-699}, keywords = {keys}, author = {P.M. Marsh} } @article {1303, title = {Synopsis der Familien und Gattungen der Braconiden.}, journal = {Verhandlungen des Naturhistorischen Vereins der Preussischen Rheinlande und Westfalens}, volume = {19}, year = {1862}, pages = {225-288}, author = {Forster, A.} } @article {1021, title = {Systematics, distribution and diversity of the Australasian doryctine wasps (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Doryctinae).}, journal = {Records of the South Australian Museum Monograph Series}, volume = {8}, year = {2004}, pages = {1-150}, author = {S.A. Belokobylskij and Iqbal, M. and Austin, A.D.} } @article {1025, title = {Phylogeny of the genera of the parasitic wasps subfamily Doryctinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) based on morphological evidence.}, journal = {Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {142}, year = {2004}, pages = {369-404}, abstract = {

The evolutionary relationships among most (143 genera) of the currently recognized genera of the braconid wasp subfamily Doryctinae were investigated using maximum parsimony analysis, employing 100 characters from external morphology and four additional, less well-studied character systems (male genitalia, ovipositor structure, venom apparatus and larval cephalic structure). We investigated the \‘performance\’ of characters from external morphology and the other character systems and the effects of abundant missing entries by comparing the data decisiveness, retention and consistency indices of four different character partitions. The results indicate that the performances of the different partitions are not related to the proportions of missing entries, but instead are negatively correlated to their proportion of informative characters, suggesting that the morphological information in this group is subject to high levels of homoplasy. The external morphological partition is significantly incongruent with respect to a data set comprising the other character systems based on the ILD test. Analyses supported neither the monophyly of the large tribes Doryctini and Hecabolini, nor the monophyly of the Spathiini and Heterospilini. Relationships obtained from successive approximation weighting analysis for the complete data differ considerably from the currently accepted tribal and subtribal classifications. The only exceptions were the Ypsistocerini and the Ecphylini, whose recognized members were recovered in single clades. A close relationship between the Binaerini and Holcobraconini, and also Monarea, is consistently supported by venom apparatus and ovipositor structure characters but is not indicated by external morphological data. Low bootstrap values obtained for most of the recovered clades in all analyses do not allow us to propose a meaningful reclassification for the group at this time. A complete list of the recognized genera and their synonymies is given.

}, keywords = {classification, consistency index, data decisiveness, insect, retention index, systematics}, author = {S.A. Belokobylskij and A. Zaldivar-Riveron and D.L.J. Quicke} } @article {1000, title = {The genus Ecphylus Foerster (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Doryctinae) in Japan.}, journal = {Zoosystematica Rossica}, volume = {18(1)}, year = {2009}, pages = {83-98}, author = {S.A. Belokobylskij} } @article {1011, title = {Doryctinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of Ogasawara Islands (Japan).}, journal = {Annales Zoologici Warsaw}, volume = {58}, year = {2008}, month = {03/2008}, pages = {125-166}, abstract = {

The diversity of the braconide wasps of the subfamily Doryctinae from Ogasawara (Bonin) Islands, Japan, is studied. Twelve new species are described from these islands:\ Doryctes\ (Doryctes)\ boninussp. nov.,\ D.\ (Neodoryctes)\ makiharaisp. nov.,Heterospilus micronesianussp. nov.,\ H. nishijimussp. nov.,H. pacificolasp. nov.,\ H. striatiscutumsp. nov.,\ H. watanabeisp. nov.,\ Ecphylus\ (Sactopus)\ hahajimussp. nov.,\ Spathius asanderoidessp. nov.,\ S. chichijimussp. nov.,\ S. ogasawarussp. nov., and\ S. sugiuraisp. nov.\ Three species,\ Rhoptrocentrus piceus\ Marshall, 1897,\ Ontsira palliata\ (Cameron, 1881) and\ Heterospilus rubrocinctus\ (Ashmead, 1905), are firstly recorded for this territory. A key for determination of the all doryctine taxa of the Ogasawara Islands is given.

}, keywords = {Braconidae, Doryctinae, Hymenoptera, Japan, new records, new taxa, Ogasawara Islands}, doi = {10.3161/000345408783897789}, author = {S.A. Belokobylskij and K. Maeto} } @article {975, title = {Contribution to the taxonomy of Braconidae (Hymenoptera) of the Russian Far East.}, journal = {Russian Entomological Journal}, volume = {2}, year = {1993}, pages = {87-103}, author = {S.A. Belokobylskij} } @article {933, title = {DNA barcoding a highly diverse group of parasitoid wasps (Braconidae: Doryctinae) from a Mexican nature reserve.}, journal = {Mitochondrial DNA}, volume = {21}, year = {2010}, pages = {18-23}, abstract = {

Background and aims. The preliminary results of a DNA barcoding study of the doryctine fauna of parasitoid wasps from the Chamela\–Cuixmala Biosphere Reserve in Mexico, a region dominated by tropical dry forest, are presented. So far, three field trips have been carried out to the reserve and 468 specimens have been collected, of which 407 cox1 sequences were obtained.
Materials and methods. The general mixed Yule-coalescent model was applied to a phylogram to investigate the number of evolutionary units that can be detected from the DNA sequence data examined.
Results. A total of 185 barcoding species assigned to 20 identified doryctine genera were discriminated using the above model, 115 of which belong to the speciose genus Heterospilus, pointing out the extraordinary species richness of this subfamily of insects in a Mexican tropical dry forest.
Conclusion. On the basis of the DNA barcodes generated, Ptesimogastroides Braet \& van Achterberg is proposed to be a junior synonym of Ptesimogaster Marsh syn. nov. Neoheterospilus was also found deeply nested within a large Heterospilus clade, suggesting the paraphyly of the latter genus.

}, keywords = {Braconidae, cox1, DNA barcoding, Doryctinae, Hymenoptera, tropical dry forest}, issn = {1940-1736}, doi = {10.3109/19401736.2010.523701}, author = {A. Zaldivar-Riveron and J.J. Martinez and Ceccarelli, F.S. and V.S. De Jesus-Bonilla and Rodriguez-Perez, A.C. and Resendiz-Flores, A. and Smith, M.A.} } @article {788, title = {Pseudorhaconotus enervatus, a new genus and species from Spain (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae).}, journal = {Zoologische Mededelingen (Leiden)}, volume = {84 (1-9)}, year = {2010}, pages = {1-5}, abstract = {

Pseudorhaconotus enervatus gen. nov. \& spec. nov. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae) from Spain is described and illustrated. The new genus is similar to the genus Rhaconotus Ruthe, 1854, but differs by the lack of vein r-m of the fore wing and by the absence of dorsope on the first metasomal tergite.

}, keywords = {Braconidae, Ecphylus, Hymenoptera, Palaearctic, Spain}, author = {C. van Achterberg and Shaw, M.R.} } @article {554, title = {Classification of the Ichneumon flies, or the superfamily Ichneumonoidea.}, journal = {Proceedings of the United States National Museum}, volume = {23}, year = {1900}, pages = {1-220}, author = {Ashmead, W.H.} } @article {43, title = {Molecular phylogeny and historical biogeography of the cosmopolitan parasitic wasp subfamily Doryctinae (Hymenoptera:Braconidae)}, journal = {Invertebrate Systematic}, volume = {22}, year = {2008}, pages = {345-363}, abstract = {

The phylogenetic relationships among representatives of 64 genera of the cosmopolitan parasitic wasps of the subfamily Doryctinae were investigated based on nuclear 28S ribosomal (r) DNA (~650 bp of the D2\–3 region) and cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) mitochondrial (mt) DNA (603 bp) sequence data. The molecular dating of selected clades and the biogeography of the subfamily were also inferred. The partitioned Bayesian analyses did not recover a monophyletic Doryctinae, though the relationships involved were only weakly supported. Strong evidence was found for rejecting the monophylies of both Doryctes Haliday, 1836 and Spathius Nees, 1818. Our results also support the recognition of the Rhaconotini as a valid tribe. A dispersal\–vicariance analysis showed a strong geographical signal for the taxa included, with molecular dating estimates for the origin of Doryctinae and its subsequent radiation both occurring during the late Paleocene\–early Eocene. The divergence time estimates suggest that diversification in the subfamily could have in part occurred as a result of continental break-up events that took place in the southern hemisphere, though more recent dispersal events account for the current distribution of several widespread taxa.

}, keywords = {28S, COI}, author = {A. Zaldivar-Riveron and S.A. Belokobylskij and Leon-Regagnon, V. and R.G. Brice{\~n}o and D.L.J. Quicke} } @book {40, title = {The Doryctinae of Costa Rica (excluding the genus Heterospilus)}, series = {Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute}, volume = {70}, year = {2002}, pages = {319}, publisher = {American Entomological Institute}, organization = {American Entomological Institute}, address = {Gainsville, Fl.}, abstract = {

A comprehensive taxonomic study is presented for the 63 genera and 172 species of braconid wasp subfamily Doryctine\ occurring in Costa Rica. Of these, 12 genera and 119 species are described as new to science. The speciose genus\ Heterospilus\ is excluded from this study. Keys for identification of the genera and species are provided and each genus and species is described and illustrated. Several genera previously describe from South America or other parts of Central America are recorded for the first time from Costa Rica. One new synonymy is proposed: the genus\ Achterbergia\ Marsh is considered a junior synonym of the genus\ Aivalykus\ Nixon (n.syn.). Two new combinations are proposed:\ Achterbergia\ arawak\ Marsh is transferred\ to\ Aivalykus\ (n. comb.);\ Platydoryctesamazonensis\ Barbalho\ and\ Penteado-Dias\ is transferred to the new genus\ Angelica\ (n.comb.). Very little is known about the biology of doryctine wasps,but where host records are available most species appear to be idiobiont ectoparasitoids of wood boring beetle larvae. However, three genera in Costa Rica depart remarkably from this biology: several species of\ Allorhogas\ and\ Labania\ have been reared from leaf and seed galls on various plant, and species of\ Psenobolus\ develop as inquilines in figs. A checklist of the Costa Rican Doryctinae is provided. A Spanish translation of the key to genera is included as an appendix.

}, issn = {1887988149}, author = {P.M. Marsh} } @article {9, title = {Doryctinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of Konza prairie excluding species of Heterospilus Haliday}, journal = {Proceeding of the Entomological Society of Washington}, volume = {113}, year = {2011}, pages = {451-491}, keywords = {Biodiversity, conservation, Flint Hills, gallery forest, Great Plains, Kansas, Nearctic, tallgrass prairie}, doi = {10.4289/0013-8797.113.4.451}, author = {R.R. Kula and P.M. Marsh} }